Fariñas FZ, Beltrán FY, Ruiz HA, Mercochini MM, Sardiña TMR

Language: Spanish
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ABSTRACT

Background: Prematurity has an impact on the development of ophthalmological, psychological, and intellectual disabilities, as well as chronic health problems. It also predicts future educational and occupational disabilities, even beyond late childhood. This condition requires interdisciplinary treatment of its consequences to ensure a quality of life for these patients, and the training of professionals in postgraduate training.
Objective: To identify psychosocial, academic, and neurocognitive consequences in premature children and adolescents screened in the Retinopathy of Prematurity Program in Villa Clara.
Methods: A prospective and longitudinal intervention study was carried out with a study population of 60 premature children and adolescents who attended the Ophthalmology and Psychology clinic and were between the ages of 7 and 18. Theoretical and empirical methods and psychometric tests were applied to achieve the objective.
Results: out of them, 30 were diagnosed with retinopathy of prematurity and 30 were not. Both groups presented delayed psychomotor development, mental retardation, neurocognitive impairments, and marked impairments in short- and long-term memory, attention, and affective behavior. Parents were highly satisfied with the health intervention, which reflected well-being and confidence in the study.
Conclusions: Psychosocial consequences were identified in school-aged children and adolescents screened in Villa Clara, all of which were more prevalent in those with retinopathy of prematurity.