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Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2025, Number 6

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salud publica mex 2025; 67 (6)

Prevalence of anemia and micronutrient deficiency in Mexican women, Ensanut 2022-2024

Shamah-Levy T, Mejía-Rodríguez F, Mundo-Rosas V, García-Guerra A, De la Cruz-Góngora V

Language: Spanish
References: 40
Page: 690-699
PDF size: 359.95 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective. To document the magnitude of anemia and micronutrient deficiencies in non-pregnant women aged 12-49 years at the national, state, and regional levels, and examine the association with regions to inform decisionmakers. Materials and methods. The Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (Ensanut) 2022-2024 surveys, which are representative of the Mexican population, are part of a series called Ensanut Continua 2022-2024. Anemia was classified as hemoglobin ‹12 g/dL (venous blood); iron deficiency (ID) with ferritin ‹15µg/L adjusted by CRP ›5mg/L, vitamin B12 deficiency (VB12D) with a score‹5 according to Fedosov and colleagues, vitamin D deficiency (VDD) ‹20ng/mL, folate deficiency (FD) ‹4ng/mL, and high folate (HF ›20ng/mL). Results. Anemia was present in 12.1% of women, ID in 38.3%, VB12D in 18.8%, 38.5% had VDD, 0.1% had FD, and 30.9% had HF. Living in the Central-Pacific, North-Central, South-Pacific, and Central regions was associated (p ‹0.05, 95%CI, OR between 1.49 and 3.19) with a higher risk of VB12D. Living in CDMX/Edomex, increased the risk of VDD (OR= 1.02), while living in the Peninsula region increased the risk of HF (OR= 1.78). Conclusions. Anemia and micronutrient deficiency require continuous surveillance to guide prevention and control programs.


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