Adrian MDS, Figueira CM, Guevara GHA

Language: Spanish
References: 10
Page: 114-121
PDF size: 316.93 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: the midface is the part of the facial skeleton that extends from the base of the skull to the occlusal plane of the maxilla. This anatomical unit is important both functionally and cosmetically, playing a supporting role in the physiological system. Fractures in the midface are grouped into naso-orbito-ethmoidal (NOE) fractures, zygomatic-orbital fractures, and maxillary fractures. Objective: to establish the prevalence of midface fractures in patients treated by the oral and maxillofacial surgery and traumatology service of the University Hospital of Caracas. Material and methods: a retrospective, observational, descriptive epidemiological study was conducted on midface fractures treated by the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology Service of the University Hospital of Caracas, from January 2024 to October 2025. Medical records from January 2024 to October 2025 that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. Data collection was performed using a pre-designed form containing the information necessary for the research. Results: midface fractures are the most frequent fractures in the region and can have diverse etiologies; therefore, determining the etiology by age, sex, and causative agent is important for their management. Fractures most commonly occur as a result of assaults (35.6%) or motor vehicle collisions (20.7%). The anatomical incidence was found to be right orbital floor 37.3% and left orbital floor 34.9%, left midface zone 34.4% and right midface zone 24.5%, right arch 7.9% and left arch 6.7%; 4.8% were classified as panfacial fractures. Conclusion: fractures of the midface are the most frequent fractures of the facial region, and their clinical diagnosis will depend on the affected bone structure. We must act promptly to avoid the sequelae and complications associated with these fractures.

REFERENCES

1. Miloro M, Ghali GE, Larsen PE, Waite P, eds. Peterson's principles of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 4th ed. Cham: Springer; 2022. Chapters: 22-25.

2. Fonseca RJ. Oral and maxillofacial surgery. 3rd ed. St. Louis (MO): Saunders; 2017. Vol. 2, Cap. 10.

3. Avello Canisto F. Fracturas del tercio medio facial: experiencia en el Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, 1999 - 2009. An Fac Med [Internet]. 2013; 74 (2): 123-128. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1025-55832013000200007&lng=es

4. Avello F, Avello A. Nueva clasificación de las fracturas de trazo unilateral del tercio medio facial. An Fac med. 2007; 68 (1): 75-79.

5. Morales-Navarro D. Fracturas del tercio medio facial [revisión]. Rev Cubana Estomatol. 2018; 55 (1): 42-58.

6. Udeabor S, Akinmoladun VI, Olusanya A, Obiechina A. Pattern of midface trauma with associated concomitant injuries in a nigerian referral centre. Niger J Surg. 2014; 20 (1): 26-29.

7. Cornelius CP, Audigé L, Kunz C, Buitrago-Téllez CH, Rudderman R, Prein J. The comprehensive AOCMF classification system: midface fractures - level 3 tutorial. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr. 2014; 7 (Suppl 1): S068-S091.

8. Liu Y, Ma Q, Zhao J, Tian L, Bai S, Liu B et al. A comprehensive strategy for reconstruction of a missing midface. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2015; 3 (7): e446.

9. Llorente Pendás S, Torre Iturraspe A, Junquera LM, de Vicente Rodríguez GJC, García-Rozado A, García Marín F et al. Protocolos clínicos de la Sociedad Española de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial. Capítulo 14: Fracturas del tercio medio facial [Internet]. Madrid: SECOM-CyC; 2009. Disponible en: https://www.secomcyc.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/cap14.pdf

10. Wei JJ, Tang ZL, Liu L, Liao XJ, Yu YB, Jing W. The management of naso-orbital-ethmoid (NOE) fractures. Chin J Traumatol. 2015; 18 (5): 296-301. doi: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2015.07.006.