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2022, Number 3

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Rev Cuba Endoc 2022; 33 (3)

SARS-CoV-2 infection in diabetic patients

Leyva MMÁ, Teruel GR, Bermúdez GAJ

Language: Spanish
References: 52
Page:
PDF size: 727.51 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Coronavirus disease is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, known as COVID-19. Infected patients with diabetes mellitus have a poorer prognosis due to disease susceptibility, which increases morbidity and mortality.
Objective: To describe the main mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in diabetic patients.
Methods: The literature review was carried out in Google Scholar, PubMed Central, SciELO. The descriptors COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 and diabetes mellitus taken from the descriptors in health sciences were used. Articles available in full text in Spanish and English were selected, with no restrictions on the type of articles from peer-reviewed journals and pages from recognized international organizations.
Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection is more severe in diabetic patients, which has been demonstrated by the higher rates of hospitalization and deaths. Several factors favor these results, among which are disorders in innate and acquired immunity, alterations in lung function and increased adherence and entry of the virus to host cells. In this last aspect, the virus receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and furin, keys to subsequent viral replication, are important. This knowledge allows us to understand the pathophysiology and symptomatology of COVID-19 in patients with diabetes mellitus, as well as explaining the beneficial and adverse effects of antidiabetic drugs.


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