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2008, Number 2

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Cir Gen 2008; 30 (2)

Incidence of mechanical complications during placement of intravascular access devices for the administration of parenteral nutrition

Hurtado TGF, Meléndez MG

Language: Spanish
References: 51
Page: 78-83
PDF size: 78.96 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective: To determine the incidence of mechanical complications associated to the placement of central venous catheters for the administration of parenteral nutrition therapy in adult patients.
Setting: Clinical Nutrition Service, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí.
Design: Prospective, descriptive, and observational.
Statistical analysis: Frequency distribution for categorical variables and Mantel-Haenszel test.
Material and methods: We recorded the demographic characteristics of the patients and their diagnoses, as well as the mechanical complications associated to the placement of intravascular devices for parenteral nutrition therapy.
Results: We studied 80 procedures for the placement of central venous catheters in 71 patients. Indications for parenteral nutrition therapy were: neoplasms (36.8%), entero-cutaneous fistulas (18.3%), abdominal sepsis (9.8%), intestinal inflammatory disease (8.4%), acute pancreatitis (7.0%), short bowel syndrome (4.2%), and other diverse pathologies (15.4%). Mechanical complications were encountered in 17/80 procedures (21.3%) and in 17/71 patients (23.9%). The types of complications were: arterial punctures (44.4%), hematomas (37.0%), misplacement of the intravascular device (14.8%), and hemorrhages (3.7%) Risk factors for the occurrence of mechanical complications were poor nutritional status (p=0.02) and the number of punctures in attempting to cannulate the vessel (p= 0.007)
Conclusions: We found a significant incidence of mechanical complications associated to the placement of central venous catheters for the administration of parenteral nutrition therapy. A strict and controlled supervision is required to avoid potential complications.


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