Campos CSF, Arrubarrena AVM, León LG, Christen J, Christen F, Cervantes CJ, Cote EL, Arenas OJ

Language: Spanish
References: 7
Page: 232-247
PDF size: 318.71 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To analyze the current state, identify the problems, and propose solutions to the “Single Plan of Medical Specialties” (PUEM, for its initials in Spanish) established at the School of Medicine of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) in regard to the teaching of General Surgery.
Setting: VI National Meeting of Surgeons, held at ex Hacienda de San Miguel Regla, Hidalgo, from July 31 to August 2, 2009.
Design: Consensus.
Statistics: Does not apply.
Material and methods: Workshops were performed, having each participant a copy of the PUEM in relation to General Surgery for its analysis. Participants were assigned a working team and instructed on how to develop the work to solve specific questions. The PUEM was analyzed in four modules: 1) evaluation of curricula, 2) students and faculty selection system, 3) grading systems, and 4) use of new teaching technologies in Surgery.
Results: Curricula up-dating should become a permanent collective exercise to enable integration of knowledge, abilities, and fundamental skills for the formation of the surgeon. Education based on competences should be privileged. Teachers should not only have the technical knowledge but also have experience in the area of pedagogy, and be professional in the teaching of surgery. Teaching strategies should be cooperative and foster teaching and basic and clinical research by implementing masters and doctoral programs in surgical sciences. For the admittance to the teaching programs, integrated methods must be applied based not only on the level of scientific knowledge shown by the students, but also on the profile of the faculty to be teaching mentors. Evaluations should not only address the knowledge of the students on the subject, but also the capacity of the faculty, of the programs and projects, as well as the educational institutions themselves, in an integrated manner.
Conclusion: The curricula of the specialty must be updated in an integrated manner. Not only students but also the faculty, study programs and educational institutions must be evaluated. Teaching based on competences must be privileged. Student and teacher selection systems must be optimized.

REFERENCES

1. Plan Único de Especializaciones Médicas en Cirugía. Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM. División de Postgrado. Subdivisión de Especializaciones Médicas. Plan único aprobado por el Consejo Universitario el 21 de abril de 1994. 4ª edición, México, DF. 2008.

2. Cabero J. Tecnología educativa. Diseño y utilización de medios en la enseñanza. Paidos, Barcelona, 2001.

3. Barajas FM. La tecnología educativa en la enseñanza superior. McGraw-Hill. Madrid, 2003.

4. Vega-Malagón J, Zaldivar LG, Vega-Malagón G, Ávila J, Vega- Pérez MO, Romero MJL. El cirujano científico y la enseñanza de la cirugía en México. Segunda parte: La enseñanza de la cirugía en el postgrado y educación médica continua del cirujano. Cir Gen 2004; 26: 330-336.

5. Vega-Malagón AJ, Zaldivar LG, Vega-Malagón G, Ávila MJ, Vega- Pérez AJ, Romero MJL. El cirujano científico y la enseñanza de la cirugía en México. Primera parte: Cirujano científico y la enseñanza en el pregrado de la cirugía. Cir Gen 2004; 263: 211-221.

6. García RH, Aldrete SJ, Gutiérrez-Samperio C. Enseñanza e investigación en cirugía. En: Gutiérrez-Samperio C, Arrubarrena AVM, Campos CFS. Fisiopatología quirúrgica del aparato digestivo, 3ª Ed. El Manual Moderno, México 2006: 703-713.

7. Díaz-Barriga AF, Hernández RG. Estrategias docentes para un aprendizaje significativo. Una interpretación constructivista. 2ª ed. México: McGraw-Hill, 2001.