Pineda ML, Pérez EA, Mendieta AG

Language: Spanish
References: 11
Page: 123-127
PDF size: 127.10 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), also known as ectodermosis pluriorificialis erosive exudative erythema multiform or erythema multiform phlyctenular, is defined as an adverse reaction or cutaneous drug eruptions, any response in the skin and mucous membranes and other internal organs produced unintentionally or unwanted after administration of a drug for therapeutic, prophylactic or diagnostic. Objective: To determine the frequency, sex, age, medications or comorbidities, type of injuries and complications of Stevens-Johnson syndrome in patients admitted to the Hospital for Children Mother and Child Institute. Material and methods: Descriptive, retrospective, transversal. The data were obtained from medical records with a diagnosis of Stevens-Johnson syndrome file provided by the Hospital for Children, during the period from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2009. Results: We found twelve cases with clinical diagnosis of Stevens- Johnson syndrome in the period. During the period there were a total of 387,997 patients admitted to the Emergency Room of the Hospital for Children, of these 5,314 (1.36%) had dermatological condition. Stevens-Johnson syndrome accounted for 0.22% of dermatological condition group and only 0.003% of total patients admitted to Emergency.Conclusions: This study reveals features found in 12 patients with this diagnosis in 4 years. Seven (58.3%) of patients had a box of upper respiratory tract infection before admission to the Emergency Room with fever in 83%, malaise in 50%, history of NSAID intake by 66%, taking antiepileptic drugs for neurological diseases 42%, history of ingestion of penicillin cephalosporins 25% and 16%. The clinical picture was manifested erythema in 100% of cases, vesicles/blisters at 91%, mucositis in 83% and 83% ocular condition

REFERENCES

1. Malet A, Casajuna I, Huguet J. Estudios inmunológicos in vitro en las toxicodermias. Piel 1992; 7: 36-38.

2. Arenas. Dermatología, atlas, diagnóstico y tratamiento. Mc- Graw-Hill-Interamericana 2ª ed. 1996: 49-53.

3. Alonzo L, López LDC. Diagnóstico diferencial de reacciones medicamentosas adversas. Rev Cent Dermatol Pascua 2000; 9: 120-125.

4. Cork. Drug induced hypersensitivity syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Treatment with N-acetylcysteine. Br J Dermatol 1997; 136: 645-646.

5. Rappersberger K, Foedinger D. Treatment of erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Dermatologic Therapy 2002; 15: 397-408.

6. Auquier-Dunant A, Mockenhaupt M, Naldi L, Correia O, Schröder W, Roujeau JC. SCAR Study Group. Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions. Correlations between clinical patterns and causes of erythe, a multiforme majus, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis: results of an international prospective study. Arch Dermatol 2002; 138: 1019-24.

7. Breathnach SM. Adverse cutaneous reactions to drugs. Clin Med 202; 2: 15-19.

8. Aburto C, Torres R, Caro A, Salinas E. Síndrome de Stevens- Johnson asociado a infección por Mycoplasma pneumoniae y virus herpes. Folia Dermatol Perú 2005; 16: 81-84.

9. Garcia-Doval I, LeCleach L, Bocquet H, Otero XL, Roujeau JC. Toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome: does early withdrawal of causative drugs decrease the risk of death? Arch Dermatol 2000; 136: 323-7.

10. Crosi A, Borges SG, Estévez FC. Reacciones adversas medicamentosas graves: síndrome de Stevens-Johnson y necrólisis epidérmica tóxica. Rev Med Uruguay 2004; 20: 172-177.

11. Petersen KM. Erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Pediatric Pharmacotherapy. 1998. En http/www.healthssystem.virginia.edu/internet/ pediatrics/pharma-news/NOV98.PDF.