Lombardo-AE, Hernández-OH, Pérez-RVM, Orozco H, Soto E, Haro A, Caniza M

Language: Spanish
References: 9
Page: 76-79
PDF size: 162.82 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction. Systematic epidemiological surveillance is major policy that should be implemented in every hospital since it allows to assess the actual incidence of nosocomial infections, determine its causes and implement timely prevention and control measures. Point prevalence studies were done to survey nosocomial infections and to determine in a population at a given time the number of infected patients, i.e. nosocomial infections (NI) and in addition to indirectly evaluate the quality of functioning of the system of epidemiological surveillance.
Objective. To determine the point prevalence rate of nosocomial infection as well as the risk factors involved.
Material and methods. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted of the point prevalence of nosocomial infection in a third level hospital from April 15 to April 17 of 2010 in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and in the service of Medicines.
Results. We studied 20 hospitalized patients in the NICU with an average age of 57 days and hospital stay of 40 days. There were two NI (one patients with clinical sepsis and one with bacteremia). In the service of medicines we studied 21 patients with an average age of 4.9 years and hospital stay of 38 days. In both services risk extrinsic factors to acquire NI were prolonged stay, central venous catheter, mechanical ventilation and the use of antibiotics.
Analysis: Predominant risk factors were central venous catheter (›44 %), mechanical ventilation (≥10 %) and the use of antibiotics (›26 %), similar to studies reported in the literature. Infections present in both services occurred in the bloodstream. In two of the cases the etiologic agent was not identified.

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