Jiménez FJ, Esquivel HRI

Language: Spanish
References: 11
Page: 177-182
PDF size: 108.43 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: In Mexico, as in other countries, studies have reported a change in the epidemiologic profile of the population, a decrease in the rate of caries, and an increase in the prevalence of dental fluorosis. Objective: To compare changes in the DMFT index and the prevalence of dental fluorosis from 2005 to 2011 in undergraduate dental students at the Faculty of Higher Studies in Iztacala, Mexico City. Material and methods: A cross-sectional, non-experimental comparative study was carried out from 2005 to 2011 on seven annual intakes of undergraduate dental students at the Faculty of Higher Studies in Iztacala, Mexico City. Oral assessments were performed in accordance with WHO criteria by staff who had received previous instruction in standard assessment procedures. Results: The population studied consisted of 3,979 individuals, one third of whom were male and two thirds female. Their average age was 19 years (± 2, minimum 16, maximum 52); 14.8% presented some degree of fluorosis; the greatest incidence was associated with a negligible level, i.e. very mild to mild; these also showed the greatest variation in these degrees among all the studied intakes. A comparison of the degrees of fluorosis and the DMFT index revealed an increase in the percentage of individuals who presented fluorosis between the 2010 and 2011 intakes, in contrast to the DMFT index, which showed a decrease in the same groups. Again in the 2010 and 2011 intakes, the number of teeth affected by dental cavities decreased, while the rate of fluorosis increased, this association being statistically significant (p ‹ 0.05). 73.3% of those examined proved to be in need of treatment. Conclusion: A change in the epidemiologic profile was found in the population studied, in which a reduction in dental cavities and DMFT index was evident, whilst certain degrees of fluorosis showed an increase. It is important to perform oral and dental health surveys in order to monitor the implementation of preventive measures and compliance with official Mexican standards, and so prevent dental fluorosis.

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