Espinoza HR, Ocharán-Hernández ME

Language: Spanish
References: 11
Page: 54-58
PDF size: 118.08 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease. For an optimal control and in some cases it is necessary to provide exogenous insulin. To understand the pharmacokinetics of insulin are just models that describe the absorption and elimination of the drug, but there are others who employ a large multi-compartmental model, more physiological metabolism, describing more precisely as intended in this article. Absorption. Parenteral administration route is the most appropriate because insulin orally is a peptide who is degraded by digestive enzymes. A recent alternative route is inhaled administration. Distribution. The volume of distribution of the insulin molecule is similar to the extracellular fluid volume, it has a plasma half-life of 5 to 8 min. Inhaled administration has the advantages of an area of 70-140 m² absorption, perfusion 5 L/min. A thin exchange membrane of the alveolar epithelium of 0.1 to 0.2 µm. Metabolism. 50% of insulin is metabolized by liver, kidney and muscle, but the deterioration of renal function prolongs the half life of insulin. Disposal. Insulin absorption with high doses is quicker and reduces it’s bioavailability. Subcutaneous insulin, is deposited on crystals in the adipose tissue and requires a first-order dissolution and an absorption of first order which changes by several factors their absorption and elimination.

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