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Órgano Oficial de la Asociación Dental Mexicana

2015, Number 2

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Rev ADM 2015; 72 (2)

Bruxism and tooth wear.

González SEM, Midobuche PEO, Castellanos JL

Language: Spanish
References: 37
Page: 92-98
PDF size: 413.11 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Dental wear caused by abfraction and attrition is indicative of eccentric bruxism. The areas affected are the tooth cervix and its occlusal or incisal surface with full bone support. Bruxism (both centric and eccentric) is regarded as a neuromuscular parafunction that causes damage in diverse tissues and functions of the masticatory system. Its prevalence ranges widely (from 6 to 95%) due to the lack of consensus and uniformity in the evaluation methods, thus making it difficult for conclusions to be drawn. Bruxism is a complex and destructive pathology of the stomatognathic system that can cause muscular alterations, dental injuries (of the crown, root, and pulp), periodontal alterations, articulation damage, and facial dimensional changes. There are no effective and definitive protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of the condition currently available to the dental practitioner nor any norm that would enable them to determine whether the pathology of a patient suffering from dental wear is involuntary, as in the case of bruxism, or whether it is a question of an adaptive process produced by dental malocclusion or malposition, or occlusal changes of diverse etiology, including iatrogenesis. Given the effects of bruxism on teeth and the damage it can cause, a method needs to be devised to enable practitioners to determine whether a patient is suffering from active bruxism and, from an etiological perspective, be able to identify and classify it. The purpose of this review on bruxism is to propose an objective clinical diagnostic method that will enable dentists to distinguish between this particular parafunction and other causes of dental wear and damage.


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