2015, Number 3
Identification of risk factors in blood donors as a strategy to increase the production quality and safety in blood transfusion and donor safety
Gutiérrez HRC, Vázquez-Del Ángel L
Full text
Language: Spanish
References: 10
Page: 183-186
PDF size: 207.11 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Background: Blood and blood components for therapeutic use must meet the quality requirements during the processes of selection, collection, analysis, storage and transfusion in order to be safe for the blood recipient, the blood donor and comply the quality requirements of the blood component. Objective: Identify in blood donors risk factors that could harmfully affect the quality of the blood component; the donor’s safety and result int the probable transfusion of bad quality blood to the patient. Material and methods: Transversal, retrospective, observational study in the Central Blood Bank of Centro Médico Nacional «La Raza», Mexico City. The donors’ database during 2011-2012 was analyzed taking into account the criteria for selection of the Mexican Official Standard NOM-003-SSA2-1993 «for utilization of human blood and blood components for therapeutic purposes», valid at the time the study was conducted. Statistical analysis was performed with software Epidat 3.1. Results: In the two years of analysis, there were 207,556 registered pre-donors, and in 76,803 (37%) the following risk factors for blood donation were identified: low Hb and Hct 19,399 (25.25%), plasma lipemic/chylous 11,472 (14.94%), elevated leukocyte count 7,728 (10.06%), high Hb and Hct 6,704 (8.7%), intercourse with more than one sexual partner 6,258 (8.14%), caries grade IV 5,618 (7.31%), low leukocyte count 1,848 (2.40%), veins unfit for phlebotomy 1,811 (2.35%), respiratory tract infection 1,290 (1.67%), voluntary withdrawal of the donor 1,265 (1.64%), thrombocytopenia 874 (1.13%), sexual risk partner 778 (1.01%), nasal drug use 727 (0.94%), not having slept well 714 (0.92%), inadequate working volemia 627 (0.81%). Of those, 46,739 (60.85%) were male and 30,064 (39.14%) female. Conclusions: Identifying risk factors based in the proper application of the regulations, blood donors who met the quality requirements for obtaining blood components were adequately selected, 63%. This is a guarantee of safety for the blood receptor, decreases adverse effects, and ensures donor safety. Identifying the 37% of donors who did not meet the quality requirements represented an acceptable percentage, since the literature worldwide reported 30 to 40% for altruistic donation, considering that the donation in our blood bank is family replacement.REFERENCES