Laniado-Laborín R, Cabrales-Vargas N

Language: Spanish
References: 13
Page: 23-27
PDF size: 160.76 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Objetive. Resistance to antituberculosis drugs severely affects the success of a treatment program. Previous reports on rates of resistance to antituberculosis drugs in Baja California show great discrepancies. For this reason, we determined the rates of drug resistance in isolates at the State Tuberculosis Laboratory of Baja California. Material and methods. Retrospective analysis of laboratory files registered between Januay 01, 1998 and June 30, 1999. Results. Out of a total of 572 cultures, 151 grew mycobacteria, and drug susceptibility tests were done on 120 of these. Out of 120 isolates of M. tuberculosis, 31 (25.8%) were resistant to at least one of the five first line antituberculosis drugs used in Mexico; 13.3% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). The isolates from the group of subjects with no prior antituberculosis treatment grew resistant to mycobacteria in a significantly smaller proportion (8.4%) than those from the group of subjects with previous antituberculosis treatment (49%; p=0.00001). The odds ratio was 3.3 (Cl_95% 1.6,6.9) A strong correlation was observed between the presence of drug resistant mycobacteria in the isolate from a subject, and positive history of previous antituberculosis treatment ( r=0.45; p=0.0002). Conclusions. One fourth of the isolates in the State Tuberculosis Laboratory of Baja California grew resistant mycobacteria to at least one of the antituberculosis drugs, and one out of every seven isolates had MDR mycobacterium. Such extremely high rates make it imperative that, in addition to directly observed therapy, treatment must be guided by drug susceptibility tests.

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