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2015, Number 2

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Invest Medicoquir 2015; 7 (2)

Incidence of healthcare-associated infections in intensive care units in Cuba (2014). Results of implementing a prophylactic bundle

Language: Spanish
References: 20
Page: 182-202
PDF size: 413.71 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in intensive care units. This study aimed to characterize the incidence of healthcare-associated infections in intensive care units during 2014 and the effectiveness of implementing a package of preventive measures. Methods: A multicenter, prospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study, which included adult patients (n = 706) from ten Cuban intensive care units for two months. General variables were collected as well as extrinsic and intrinsic risk factors, diagnoses of healthcare-associated infections, and causative organisms. As indicators of frequency, incidence rates and densities were used. Results: The main risk factors were the use of antibiotics and devices (endotracheal tube and central venous catheter). At least one infection during hospitalization was diagnosed in 19,5% of the sample. The most frequent infections were respiratory, with a prevalence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), 29%, and primary bloodstream infections (36,2%). The incidence density of ventilator-associated pneumonia was 21,87‰ days risk factor. The most common organisms isolated were the group of Staphylococcus spp, Acinetobacter spp. and Enterobacter spp. The average stay of patients with healthcare-associated infections was 10,13 days vs. 5,04 days for patients without them (p ‹ 0,001). The mortality of patients with healthcare-associated infections was 39,85% vs. 15,49% for patients without them (p ‹ 0,001). Conclusion: The incidence densities of the main healthcare-associated infections related to devices evolutionarily decreased. To establish an annual surveillance study and implement a package of preventive measures can be valid strategies to reduce healthcare-associated infections in intensive care units.


REFERENCES

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