Rodríguez-Pedroso AT, Plascencia-Jatomea M, Bautista-Baños S, Cortez-Rocha MO, Ramírez-Arrebato MÁ

Language: English
References: 19
Page: 4211-4213
PDF size: 258.84 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Antimicrobial activity of chitosan has been previously demonstrated on some fungi species. In this work, the direct effect of a low molecular weight chitosan (121.6 kDa) on the morphology of Bipolaris oryzae was studied by light and scanning electron microscopy techniques. Changes in the hyphae and germ tubes were observed. Moreover, structural and morphological changes during the apical growth phase of the fungus were detected by scanning electron microscopy at 3g/L chitosan. B. oryzae hyphae malformations were detected, with shortening and thickening of hyphae and spore germ tubes shortening and swelling, together with hyphae agglomerations, all these changes affecting the fungus’ multiplication and spreading capacity. These results support the possible use of the assayed chitosan in pest control strategies against B. oryzae in rice crops.

REFERENCES

1. de Oliveira Junior EN, Soares de Melo I, Teixeira Franco T. Changes in hyphal morphology due to chitosan treatment in some fungal species. Braz Arch Biol Technol. 2012;55(5):637-46.

2. Rabea EI, Badawy ME, Stevens CV, Smagghe G, Steurbaut W. Chitosan as antimicrobial agent: applications and mode of action. Biomacromolecules. 2003;4(6):1457-65.

3. Badawy MEI, Rabea EI. 2009. Potential of the biopolymer chitosan with different molecular weights to control postharvest gray mold of tomato fruit. Postharvest Biol Technol. 2009;51(1):110-7.

4. Li XF, Feng XQ, Yang S, Wang TP, Su ZX. Effects of molecular weight and concentration of chitosan on antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. Iran Polymer J. 2008;17(11):843-52.

5. Liu J, Tian S, Meng X, Xu Y. Effects of chitosan on control of postharvest diseases and physiological responses of tomato fruit. Postharvest Biol Technol. 2007;44(3):300-6

6. Singh T, Vesentini D, Singh AP, Daniel G. Effect of chitosan on physiological, morphological, and ultrastructural characteristics of wood-degrading fungi. Int Biodeter Biodegr. 2008;62(2):116-24.

7. El Ghaouth A, Arul J, Asselin A, Benhamou N. Antifungal, activity of chitosan on post-harvest pathogens: induction of morphological and cytological alterations in Rhizopus stolonifer. Mycol Res. 1992;96(9):769-79.

8. Cota-Arriola O, Cortez-Rocha MO, Rosas-Burgos EC, Burgos-Hernández A, López-Franco YL, Plascencia-Jatomea M. Antifungal effect of chitosan on the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus and production of aflotoxin B 1. Polymer Int. 2011;60:934-44.

9. Bautista-Baños S, Ramos-García ML, Hernández-López M, Córdova-Albores L, López-Mora LI, Gutiérrez-Martínez P, et al. Use of scanning and transmission electron microscopy to identify morphological and cellular damage on phytopathogenic fungi due to natural products application. In: Mendez-Vilas A, editor. Current Microscopy Contributions to Advances in Science and Technology. Badajoz: Formatex; 2012. p. 401-405.

10. Rivero D, Cruz A, Martínez B, Ramírez MA, Rodríguez AT. Actividad antifúngica in vitro de las quitosanas K1 y Sigma frente a Bipolaris oryzae (B. de Haan) Shoem. Protección Vegetal. 2008;23(1):43-7.

11. Falcón-Rodríguez A, Costales D, Martínez MA, Gordon T. Respuesta enzimática y de crecimiento en una variedad comercial de tabaco (Nicotiana tabacum, L.) tratada por aspersión foliar de un polímero de quitosana. Cultivos Tropicales. 2012;33(1):65-70.

12. Paul GC, Kent CA, Thomas CR. Viability testing and characterization of germination of fungal spores by automatic image analysis. Biotechnol Bioeng. 1993;42(1):11-23.

13. Quintana-Obregón EA, Plascencia- Jatomea M, Sánchez-Mariñez RI, Rosas- Burgos EC, Cortez-Rocha MO. Inhibición del crecimiento micelial “in vitro” de la Fusarium verticillioides en presencia de quitosano. Rev Iberoamer Polímeros. 2010;11(6):386-91. 6. Singh T, Vesentini D, Singh AP, Daniel G. Effect of chitosan on physiological, morphological, and ultrastructural characteristics of wood-degrading fungi. Int Biodeter Biodegr. 2008;62(2):116-24. 7. El Ghaouth A, Arul J, Asselin A, Benhamou N. Antifungal, activity of chitosan on post-harvest pathogens: induction of morphological and cytological alterations in Rhizopus stolonifer. Mycol Res. 1992;96(9):769-79. 8. Cota-Arriola O, Cortez-Rocha MO, Rosas-Burgos EC, Burgos-Hernández A, López-Franco YL, Plascencia-Jatomea M. Antifungal effect of chitosan on the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus and production of aflotoxin B 1. Polymer Int. 2011;60:934-44. 9. Bautista-Baños S, Ramos-García ML, Hernández-López M, Córdova-Albores L, López-Mora LI, Gutiérrez-Martínez P, et al. Use of scanning and transmission electron microscopy to identify morphological and cellular damage on phytopathogenic fungi due to natural products application. In: Mendez-Vilas A, editor. Current Microscopy Contributions to Advances in Science and Technology. Badajoz: Formatex; 2012. p. 401-405. 10. Rivero D, Cruz A, Martínez B, Ramírez MA, Rodríguez AT. Actividad antifúngica in vitro de las quitosanas K1 y Sigma frente a Bipolaris oryzae (B. de Haan) Shoem. Protección Vegetal. 2008;23(1):43-7. 11. Falcón-Rodríguez A, Costales D, Martínez MA, Gordon T. Respuesta enzimática y de crecimiento en una variedad comercial de tabaco (Nicotiana tabacum, L.) tratada por aspersión foliar de un polímero de quitosana. Cultivos Tropicales. 2012;33(1):65-70. 12. Paul GC, Kent CA, Thomas CR. Viability testing and characterization of germination of fungal spores by automatic image analysis. Biotechnol Bioeng. 1993;42(1):11-23. 13. Quintana-Obregón EA, PlascenciaJatomea M, Sánchez-Mariñez RI, RosasBurgos EC, Cortez-Rocha MO. Inhibición del crecimiento micelial “in vitro” de la Fusarium verticillioides en presencia de quitosano. Rev Iberoamer Polímeros. 2010;11(6):386-91.

14. Quintana-Obregón EA, Plascencia-Jatomea M, Sánchez-Mariñez RI, Burgos-Hernandez A, González-Aguilar GA, Lizardi-Mendoza J, et al. Effects of middle-viscosity chitosan on Ramularia cercosporelloides. Crop Protection. 2011;30(1):88-90.

15. Quintana-Obregón EA, López-Cervantes J, Cira-Chávez LA, Sánchez-Machado D, Plascencia-Jatomea M, Cortez-Rocha MO. Actividad antifúngica del quitosano contra Alternaria tenuissima in vitro y en semilla de Cártamo. Rev Mex Fitopatol. 2011;29 (2):168-71.

16. No HK , Meyers SP, Prinyawiwat - kul W, Xu Z. Applications of chitosan for improvement of quality and shelf life of foods: a review. J Food Sci. 2007;72(5): R87-100.

17. Benhamou N. Ultraestructural and cytochemical aspects of chitosan on Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radices-lycopersici, agent of tomato crown and root rot. Cytol Histol. 1992;82(10):1185-93.

18. El Ghaouth A, Arul J, Grenier J, Asselin A. Antifungal activity of chitosan on two postharvest pathogens of strawberry fruits. Phytopathology. 1992;82(4):398-402.

19. Sánchez-Domínguez D, Bautista-Baños S, Castillo-Ocampo P. Efecto del quitosano en el desarrollo y morfología de Alternaria alternata (Fr.:Fr.) Keissl. Anales Biol. 2007;29:23-32.