Covarrubias MS, Hernández CC, González GM

Language: Spanish
References: 14
Page: 54-60
PDF size: 97.61 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Esophageal atresia is a congenital malformation whose continuity is disrupted resulting in two segments, one above and one below. It is estimated that every year there are between 500 and 600 new cases. Survival is above 90%. The improvement in survival is not only due to surgical treatment, but also by advances in neonatal intensive care. Objective: To identify risk factors for morbidity and mortality in patients surgically treated for esophageal atresia at the Hospital for Children of IMIEM. Material and methods: Pediatric patients undergoing surgery for esophageal atresia between October 2012 and 2014, with and without congenital or acquired comorbidity were studied. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. Results: 19 patients underwent surgery for esophageal atresia at the Hospital for Children, 10 males and 9 females (1: 0.9), with mean gestational age of 37 ± 2 (range 32-41) weeks of gestation, median of 38 weeks of gestation. According to the Classification of Waterston, 13 (68.4%) patients corresponded to the group A, 1 (5.3%) to group B and 5 (26.3%) to group C. Classification according to Spitz, 12 (63.2%) patients corresponded to type I, 3 (15.8%) to type II and 4 (21%) to type III. Also, according to the Montreal classification 11 (57.9%) patients corresponded to type I and 8 (42.1%) type II. Before 24 hours of life nine patients were operated, between 24 and 48 hours nine patients, and one patient after 48 hours. 64% of patients had congenital heart disease. 31.5% of patients who died showed nosocomial infections (pneumonia) or nosocomial sepsis. Conclusions: Congenital heart defects are 64% in our population, being 2.6 times higher than the world’s population, which implies an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Nosocomial infections (pneumonia) and nosocomial sepsis accounted for 31.5% of the causes of hospital death.

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