medigraphic.com
Academia Mexicana de Neurología, A.C.

2016, Number 6

<< Back Next >>

Rev Mex Neuroci 2016; 17 (6)

Self-perception in the case of sleep paralysis : A state of consciousness within the dream MOR

Salin-Pascual RJ

Language: Spanish
References: 40
Page: 72-84
PDF size: 952.20 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The states of consciousness during sleep are described along the different sleep stages. It can be useful tools, to understand this phenomenon, under normal and pathological conditions. Philosophical arguments about consciousness, cognition and specific phenomena of autoscopy, during sleep and wakefulness are presented. One phenomenon in particular the sleep paralysis is described as a state of consciousness during REM sleep, where we are with a functional paralysis of all somatic muscles, except for the extrinsic muscle of the eyes. Sleep paralysis is listed within REM sleep parasomnia, and also as part of the tetrad of narcolepsy. However there are primary idiopathic forms, with a high prevalence at the family level and secondary sleep paralysis to other medical conditions as sleep apnea, epilepsy, and other sleep problems. In some people besides the autoscopy, hypnagogic hallucinations are added and what is described as “presences”. These phenomena and the difficulty of breathing seen in sleep paralysis, have to be confused inside and outside the medical field with nightmares, with which only have an event in common and that is the dream anguish.


REFERENCES

  1. Thompson E. Waking, dreaming, being: self and consciousness in neuroscience, meditation, and philosophy. Columbia University Press, 2015.

  2. Lohmar D, Yamaguchi I. On time: new contributions to the Husserlian phenomenology of time. Springer, 2010.

  3. Laureys S, Tononi, G. The neurology of consciousness : cognitive neuroscience and neuropathology. 1st edn. Elsevier/Academic Press, 2009.

  4. Bagshaw AP, Rollings DT, Khalsa S, Cavanna AE. Multimodal neuroimaging investigations of alterations to consciousness: the relationship between absence epilepsy and sleep. Epilepsy Behav 2014; 30: 33-37.

  5. Cartmill M. Do horses gallop in their sleep? Consciousness, evolution, and the problem of animal minds. James Arthur Lect 1996; 66: 1-23.

  6. Midgley M. The myths we live by. Routledge, 2003.

  7. Sahyoun C, Floyer-Lea A, Johansen-Berg H, Matthews PM. Towards an understanding of gait control: brain activation during the anticipation, preparation and execution of foot movements. Neuroimage 2004; 21: 568-575.

  8. Plichta MM, et. al. Simultaneous EEG and fMRI reveals a causally connected subcortical-cortical network during reward anticipation. J Neurosci 2013; 33: 14526-14533.

  9. Gallagher S, Hutto DD, Slaby J, Cole J. The brain as part of an enactive system. Behav Brain Sci 2013; 36: 421-422.

  10. Froese T. Enactive neuroscience, the direct perception hypothesis, and the socially extended mind. Behav Brain Sci 2015; 38: e75.

  11. Froese T, McGann M, Bigge W, Spiers A, Seth AK. The Enactive Torch: A New Tool for the Science of Perception. IEEE Trans Haptics 2012; 5: 365-375.

  12. Chennu S, Bekinschtein TA. Arousal modulates auditory attention and awareness: insights from sleep, sedation, and disorders of consciousness. Front Psychol 2012; 3: 65.

  13. Piaget J. The relation of affectivity to intelligence in the mental development of the child. Bull Menninger Clin 1962; 26: 129-137.

  14. Piaget J. The future of developmental child psychology. J Youth Adolesc 1974; 3: 87-93.

  15. Bolognini N, Ladavas E, Farne A. Spatial perspective and coordinate systems in autoscopy: a case report of a “fantome de profil” in occipital brain damage. J Cogn Neurosci 2011; 23: 1741-1751.

  16. Kimmel M, Irran C, Luger MA. Bodywork as systemic and inter-enactive competence: participatory process management in Feldenkrais (R) Method and Zen Shiatsu. Front Psychol 2014; 5: 1424.

  17. Liu J, Perry J. Consciousness and the self: new essays. Cambridge University Press, 2012.

  18. Siclari F, Larocque JJ, Postle BR, Tononi G. Assessing sleep consciousness within subjects using a serial awakening paradigm. Front Psychol 2013; 4: 542.

  19. Tononi G, Massimini M. Why does consciousness fade in early sleep? Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008; 1129: 330-334.

  20. Picchioni D, Duyn JH, Horovitz SG. Sleep and the functional connectome. Neuroimage 2013; 80: 387-396.

  21. Atasoy S, Donnelly I, Pearson J. Human brain networks function in connectome-specific harmonic waves. Nat Commun 2016; 7: 10340.

  22. Chow HM, et. al. Rhythmic alternating patterns of brain activity distinguish rapid eye movement sleep from other states of consciousness. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2013; 110: 10300-10305.

  23. Blanke O, Landis T, Spinelli L, Seeck M. Out-of-body experience and autoscopy of neurological origin. Brain 2004; 127: 243-258.

  24. Grotstein JS. Autoscopy: the experience of oneself as a double. Hillside J Clin Psychiatry 1983; 5: 259-304.

  25. Tadokoro Y, Oshima T, Kanemoto K. Postictal autoscopy in a patient with partial epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2006; 9: 535-540.

  26. Zamboni G, Budriesi C, Nichelli P. “Seeing oneself”: a case of autoscopy. Neurocase 2005; 11: 212- 215.

  27. Maillard L, Vignal JP, Anxionnat R, Taillandier Vespignani L. Semiologic value of ictal autoscopy. Epilepsia 2004; 45: 391-394.

  28. Stores G. Sleep paralysis and hallucinosis. Behav Neurol 1998; 11: 109-112.

  29. Tagliazucchi E, Behrens M, Laufs H. Sleep neuroimaging and models of consciousness. Front Psychol 2013; 4: 256.

  30. Kobayashi Y, et. al. [Nacrolepsy manifesting initially as cataplexy and sleep paralysis: usefulness of CSF hypocretin-1 examination for early diagnosis]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2002; 42: 233-236.

  31. Buzzi G, Cirignotta F. Isolated sleep paralysis: a web survey. Sleep Res Online 2000; 3: 61-66.

  32. Dahlitz M, Parkes JD. Sleep paralysis. Lancet 1993; 341: 406-407.

  33. Mellman TA, Aigbogun N, Graves RE, Lawson WB, Alim TN. Sleep paralysis and trauma, psychiatric symptoms and disorders in an adult African American population attending primary medical care. Depress Anxiety 2008; 25: 435-440.

  34. Takeuchi T. [Sleep paralysis]. Nihon Rinsho 1998; 56: 427-432.

  35. Paiva T, Attarian H. Obstructive sleep apnea and other sleep-related syndromes. Handb Clin Neurol 2014; 119: 251-271.

  36. Morris GO, Singer MT. Sleep deprivation: the content of consciousness. J Nerv Ment Dis 1966; 143: 291-304.

  37. Takeuchi T, Miyasita A, Sasaki Y, Inugami M, Fukuda K. Isolated sleep paralysis elicited by sleep interruption. Sleep 1992; 15: 217-225.

  38. Penn NE, Kripke DF, Scharff. J. Sleep paralysis among medical students. J Psychol 1981; 107: 247- 252.

  39. Herman J, Furman Z, Cantrell G, Peled R. Sleep paralysis: a study in family practice. J R Coll Gen Pract 1988; 38. 465-467.

  40. Allen D, Nutt D. Co-existence of panic disorder and sleep paralysis. J Psychopharmacol 1993; 7: 293-294.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com