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Órgano Oficial del Sistema Mexicano de Investigación en Psicología (SMIP)

2016, Number 2

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Rev Mex Invest Psic 2016; 8 (2)

Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: A new dimension of ADHD or a separate nosological entity

Rincón LCF

Language: Spanish
References: 30
Page: 192-198
PDF size: 119.92 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT) is presented as a possible psychopathological condition characterized by inattention, slowing, tendency to dream awake, hypoactivity, memory problems and lethargy. SCT shows high comorbidity with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) predominantly inattentive subtype, and although they share many of the diagnostic criteria I review studies that reveal the possibility of being an independent entity. This is not fully tested since some results are contradictory, especially in terms of prevalence, etiologies, and differences by gender, family characteristics, age of onset, as well as by neuroimaging studies of neurotransmitters, which resemble important characteristics of ADHD. The SCT also show great variability in the results presented, to date presents similar symptoms to various internalized disorders making more difficult the diagnose of SCT. Here is a critical look on the target article “Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: Realities and controversies” (Bernard & Servera, 2016) leaving open the possibility of a separate nosological entity or an ADHD subtype, and pointing out the need for additional theoretical support that allows to respond to the questions raised, which are not few, when one evaluates this construct.


REFERENCES

  1. American Psychiatric Association (2014). Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales. Editorial Médica Panamericana: Argentina.

  2. Barkley, R. (2014). Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (concentration deficit disorder?): current status, future directions, and a plea to change the name. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 42, 117-125. doi: 10.1007/s10802-013-9824

  3. Barkley, R. (2013). Distinguishing Sluggish Cognitive Tempo from ADHD in children and adolescents: executive functioning, impairment, and comorbidity. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 42, 161-173. Bauermeister, J., Barkley, R., Bauermeister, J. A., Martínez, J., & McBurnett, K. (2012). Validity of the Sluggish Cognitive Tempo, inattention, and hyperactivity symptom dimensions: neuropsychological and psychosocial correlates. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 40, 683-697. doi:10.1007/ s10802-011-9602-7

  4. Becker, S., Leopold, D., Burns, L., Jarrett, M., Langberg, J., Marshall, A., & Willcutt, E. (2016). The internal, external, and diagnostic validity of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: a metaanalysis and critical review. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 55(3), 163-178. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2015.12.006

  5. Becker, S., & Langberg, J. (2014). Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo dimensions in relation to executive functioning in adolescents with ADHD. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 45(1), 1-11. doi: 10.1007/s10578-013-0372-z

  6. Becker, S. P., Marshall, S. A., & McBurnett, K. (2014). Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in abnormal child psychology: an historical overview and introduction to the special section. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 42, 1-6. doi: 10.1007/ s10802-013-9825-x

  7. Bernad, M. M., & Servera, M. (2016). Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: realidades y controversias. Revista Mexicana de Investigación en Psicología, 8(2), 125-160.

  8. Bernad, M. D., Servera, M., & Belmar, M. (2015). La dimensión Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: el estado de la cuestión. Revista de Psicología Clínica con Niños y Adolescentes, II(2), 95-106.

  9. Camprodon, E., Duñó, L., Batlle, S., Estrada, X., Acena, M., Marrón, M., Pujals, E., Martin, L. M., Ribas-Fitó N., & Torrubia, R. (2013). El Tempo Cognitivo Lento: revisión de un constructo. Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica, 18(2), 151-168.

  10. Capdevila, C., Artigas, J., & Obiols, J. (2006). Tempo Cognitivo Lento: ¿síntomas del Trastorno de Déficit de Atención/ Hiperactividad predominante desatento o una nueva entidad clínica? Revista de Neurología, 42(2), 127-134.

  11. Franco López, B. (2014). Velocidad de procesamiento en el Tempo Cognitivo Lento y en el Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad: un estudio en población pediátrica. Sinaloa: Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa. Recuperado de .

  12. McBurnett, K., Pfiffner, L., & Frick, P. (2001). Symptom properties as a function of ADHD type: an argument for continued study of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 29(3), 207-213.

  13. Tirapu, J., Ruiz, B., Luna, P., & Hernáez, P. (2015). Tempo Cognitivo Lento: una revisión actualizada. Revista de Neurología, 61, 323-331.

  14. Urrutia, F. (2010). Tempo Cognitivo Lento (Sluggish Cognitive Tempo) ¿Un subtipo de TDAH o una entidad diferente? Revista Archivos de Investigación Materno Infantil, II(2), 71-73.

  15. Wood, W., Lewandowski, L., Lovett, B., & Antshel, K. (2014). Executive dysfunction and functional impairment associated with Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in emerging adulthood. Journal of Attention Disorders, 17, 1-10. doi: 10.1177/1087054714560822

  16. American Psychiatric Association (2014). Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales. Editorial Médica Panamericana: Argentina.

  17. Barkley, R. (2014). Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (concentration deficit disorder?): current status, future directions, and a plea to change the name. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 42, 117-125. doi: 10.1007/s10802-013-9824

  18. Barkley, R. (2013). Distinguishing Sluggish Cognitive Tempo from ADHD in children and adolescents: executive functioning, impairment, and comorbidity. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 42, 161-173. Bauermeister, J., Barkley, R., Bauermeister, J. A., Martínez, J., & McBurnett, K. (2012). Validity of the Sluggish Cognitive Tempo, inattention, and hyperactivity symptom dimensions: neuropsychological and psychosocial correlates. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 40, 683-697. doi:10.1007/ s10802-011-9602-7

  19. Becker, S., Leopold, D., Burns, L., Jarrett, M., Langberg, J., Marshall, A., & Willcutt, E. (2016). The internal, external, and diagnostic validity of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: a metaanalysis and critical review. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 55(3), 163-178. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2015.12.006

  20. Becker, S., & Langberg, J. (2014). Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo dimensions in relation to executive functioning in adolescents with ADHD. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 45(1), 1-11. doi: 10.1007/s10578-013-0372-z

  21. Becker, S. P., Marshall, S. A., & McBurnett, K. (2014). Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in abnormal child psychology: an historical overview and introduction to the special section. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 42, 1-6. doi: 10.1007/ s10802-013-9825-x

  22. Bernad, M. M., & Servera, M. (2016). Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: realidades y controversias. Revista Mexicana de Investigación en Psicología, 8(2), 125-160.

  23. Bernad, M. D., Servera, M., & Belmar, M. (2015). La dimensión Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: el estado de la cuestión. Revista de Psicología Clínica con Niños y Adolescentes, II(2), 95-106.

  24. Camprodon, E., Duñó, L., Batlle, S., Estrada, X., Acena, M., Marrón, M., Pujals, E., Martin, L. M., Ribas-Fitó N., & Torrubia, R. (2013). El Tempo Cognitivo Lento: revisión de un constructo. Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica, 18(2), 151-168.

  25. Capdevila, C., Artigas, J., & Obiols, J. (2006). Tempo Cognitivo Lento: ¿síntomas del Trastorno de Déficit de Atención/ Hiperactividad predominante desatento o una nueva entidad clínica? Revista de Neurología, 42(2), 127-134.

  26. Franco López, B. (2014). Velocidad de procesamiento en el Tempo Cognitivo Lento y en el Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad: un estudio en población pediátrica. Sinaloa: Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa. Recuperado de .

  27. McBurnett, K., Pfiffner, L., & Frick, P. (2001). Symptom properties as a function of ADHD type: an argument for continued study of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 29(3), 207-213.

  28. Tirapu, J., Ruiz, B., Luna, P., & Hernáez, P. (2015). Tempo Cognitivo Lento: una revisión actualizada. Revista de Neurología, 61, 323-331.

  29. Urrutia, F. (2010). Tempo Cognitivo Lento (Sluggish Cognitive Tempo) ¿Un subtipo de TDAH o una entidad diferente? Revista Archivos de Investigación Materno Infantil, II(2), 71-73.

  30. Wood, W., Lewandowski, L., Lovett, B., & Antshel, K. (2014). Executive dysfunction and functional impairment associated with Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in emerging adulthood. Journal of Attention Disorders, 17, 1-10. doi: 10.1177/1087054714560822




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