medigraphic.com

2018, Number 2

<< Back Next >>

Rev Fac Med UNAM 2018; 61 (2)

Climacteric and menopause

Torres JAP, Torres RJM

Language: Spanish
References: 15
Page: 51-58
PDF size: 498.15 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Menopause is the cessation of a woman’s menstrual periods, diagnosed in retrospect, once 12 consecutive months of amenorrhea have passed. This occurs due to atresia of the ovarian follicles and their capacity to produce estrogen due to the stimulation of the follicle stimulating and luteinizing hormones.. The climateric syndrome is the set of signs and symptoms that occur in this transition, among the most important characteristics are hot flashes, emotional lability, osteoporosis, increased cardiovascular risk and genitourinary disorders. If the decrease in estrogen production generates this symptomatology therefore the treatment should be a hormonal replacement with exogenous estrogens and progestogens, always considering the patient’s symptomatology and taking into account risks and benefits, looking to improve their quality of life. It is important to evaluate the current lifestyle of the patient to be able make beneficial changes for them.


REFERENCES

  1. Ross M, Pawlina W. Histología, Texto y Atlas. España: Wolters Kluwer, 7 ª. ed. 2015, pp. 897-963.

  2. Sadler TW. Embriología médica Langman. España: Wolters Kluwer, 13 ª ed. 2016.

  3. Guyton AC, Hall JE. Fisiología Médica. España: Elsevier, 12ª ed. 2011, pp. 987-1002.

  4. Rang H, Dale M. Farmacología. España: Elsevier, 6ª ed. 2008, pp. 445-461.

  5. Williams J, Homan B, Pérez Tamayo Ruiz A. Williams Ginecología. México, D.F.: McGraw-Hill Interamericana, 23 ª ed. 2014.

  6. Gibbs R, Karlan B, Haney A. Obstetricia y ginecología de Danforth. México: Wolters Kluwer, 10ª ed. 2009.

  7. González-Merlo J, González E. Ginecología. España: Elseiver, 9 ª ed. 2014. P. 94-118.

  8. Carranza S. Introducción a la endocrinología ginecológica. México: Trillas, 1ª ed. 2011.

  9. IMSS. Guía de práctica clínica, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la perimenopausia y postmenopausia. México; 2013.

  10. Vargas-Hernández VM, Acosta-Altamirano G, Moreno- Eutimio MA, Vargas-Aguilar VM, Flores-Barrios K, Tovar- Rodríguez JM. Terapia hormonal de reemplazo durante la menopausia. Rev Hosp Juarez Mex. 2013;80(4):251-61.

  11. Vazquez J, Morn J, Motta E. Estudio del climaterio y la menopausia. Colegio Mexicano de Especialistas en Ginecología y Obstetricia, A.C. Actualización: Marzo 2010.

  12. Williams RE, Kalilani L, Bibenedetti DB, et al. Frequency and severity of vasomotor symptoms among peri- and postmenopausal women in the United States. Climacteric. 2008;11:32-43.

  13. Martin KA, Barbieri RL. Treatment of menopausal symptoms with hormone therapy. En: Up-to-date, Post TW (Ed), Up-to-date, Crowley Jr. WF. (Jun 5, 2017). Disponible en: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/treatment-of-menopausal- symptoms-with-hormone therapy?source=search_ result&search=menopause&selectedTitle=2~150

  14. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Menopause: diagnosis and mangment. NICE clinical guideline. NG 23. 2015. Disponible en: https://www.nice.org.uk/ guidance/ng23/chapter/Recommendations

  15. Navarro C, Beltrán E. Fitoestrógenos. Posibilidades terapéuticas. Revista de toterapia. 2000;3.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com