Morales-Lara AC, Guzmán-Castellanos LA, Rentería-Hernández JA, Ávila-Verduzco FR, Gutiérrez-Padilla JA

Language: Spanish
References: 16
Page: 233-239
PDF size: 551.03 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction. The General Direction of Epidemiology (GDE) is in charge of distributing every newly reported case of Influenza through the National Epidemiologic Surveillance System (SINAVE). During the 2014-2015 Influenza season, 2850 cases were reported across the country, 4.6% belonged to Jalisco. On the other hand, during the 2015-2016 Influenza season, there was a total of 9,850 cases in Mexico, and 5.7% came from Jalisco, positioning this state as the fifth one with most positive cases. The objective is to know the seasonal distribution, demographic characteristics and type of Influenza virus in patients with Influenza-like Ilness (ILI) or Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI), of patients attending emergency and outpatient departments at two private institutions in the city of Guadalajara, Jalisco, with a positive Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Test (RIDT) from October 2015 to March 2016.
Material and Methods. Clinical descriptive, retrospective and transversal study, to analyze a study population composed by patients with ILI or SARI attending outpatient and emergency departments with a positive RIDT. Data collection started on October 1, 2015 and ended on March 31, 2016. Analysis was done with IBM SPSS Statistics V24 and Microsoft Excel 2010. Only one institution granted the patients' demographic data.
Results. A total of 2,537 patients were identified, among them, 1,118 corresponded to institution number 1 and 1,419 to institution number 2. From the first one, 494 (44.2%) had positive Influenza tests; 306 (62%) were type A, 181 (37%) type B and 7 (1%) both types. From the 494 positive cases, 257 (52%) were females and 237(48%) men. The age group comprising patients from 18 to years old had the highest number of cases (118, 23.9%). Maximum incidence was reported from the first to the fifteenth of February 2016, with a total of 192 cases (38.9%). Of the 1,419 patients belonging to the second institution, 695 tests were positive; 403 for Influenza A and 292 for Influenza B. A total of 468 positive tests were obtained for every 1000 cases of ILI.
Discussion. Surprisingly, 46.8% of the patients had a positive RIDT, compared to only 8.5% of positive cases diagnosed using rapid tests in the rest of the world. The epidemiologic behavior of Influenza in Mexico contrasts to those described in international reports. A better case registry is required to develop prevention policies.

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