Colome-Hidalgo M, Skewes-Ramm R, Herrera-Morban D, Gil-Fernández M, Donado-Campos J

Language: Spanish
References: 24
Page: 67-73
PDF size: 421.54 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Background: Microcephaly represents the main congenital malformation in the Dominican Republic. Since 2016, 483 malformations have been reported, of which 64% correspond to microcephaly. National surveillance of microcephaly was introduced in the context of the Zika epidemic during 2016. An analysis is carried out with the objective of describing its magnitude according to the clinical-epidemiological characteristics during 2016-2017. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of the demographic, clinical and laboratory data available in the national surveillance database was conducted. Case definition: Live newborn with cephalic perimeter less than two standard deviations at 24 hours postpartum, according to standardized references according to gestational age and sex. Proportions, measures of central tendency and dispersion were calculated from the cases notifi ed by the health centers. Results: 310 microcephaly were reported with an average of 3.4 ± 2.7 per week, showing a progressive increase from week 30 of 2016 and a decrease in week 2 of 2017, evidencing a behavior propagated probably at the expense of pregnancies ‹24 weeks of gestation suspects of Zika. The Metropolitan Region has a rate of 31 / 10,000 live births. The female / male microcephaly ratio was 1: 0.7. 13% (41) presented clinical complications, characterized by respiratory distress 88% (36/41), liver failure 7% (3) and other 5% (2). 63% (95/150) of the samples were positive for Zika. Conclusions: The data analyzed indicate a tendency to decrease cases of microcephaly that coincides with the post-epidemic period of the Zika virus. The female sex was the most affected and the clinical complications were few. The teratogenic capacity of Zika implies the coexistence of other malformations, therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the attributes of the surveillance to recommend specific actions and improve the system.

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