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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2021, Número 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2021; 24 (1)


Evaluación de quitosano comercial y extractos acuosos de mesocarpio de coco (Cocos nucifera L.) para el control de Rhizopus stolonifer aislado de guanábana (Annona muricata L.): Pruebas in vitro

Cortés-Rivera HJ, González-Estrada RR, Huerta-Ocampo JÁ, Blancas-Benítez FJ, Gutiérrez-Martínez P

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 60
Paginas:
Archivo PDF: 302.67 Kb.


RESUMEN

La eficacia antifúngica de los extractos acuosos de mesocarpio de coco (Cocos nucifera L.) (EAC) y el quitosano comercial (QC) aplicados de manera individual y en combinación se evaluó contra Rhizopus stolonifer en términos de crecimiento micelial, esporulación y germinación de las esporas, así como la obtención de los modelos de crecimiento primario en dos temperaturas de almacenamiento (15-25 ºC). La aplicación de los EAC al 10% redujo significativamente el crecimiento micelial de R. stolonifer (58.81 ± 6.48%); por otro lado, el QC (1.5%) mostró un efecto de control de hasta un 87%, sin embargo, la combinación de los EAC (10%) con el QC (1.5%) fue más efectiva al reducir el crecimiento micelial › 93 %). Todos los tratamientos fueron efectivos para disminuir la producción de esporas (› 94 %) en comparación con el control (agar). El QC al combinarse con los EAC fue más efectivo inhibiendo la elongación del tubo germinal (› 98 %) comparado con los tratamientos individuales (‹ 48 %). El modelo modificado de Gompertz mostró un ajuste adecuado para ambos rangos de temperatura (› 98-99 %) observándose diferencias significativas (p ≤ 0.05) entre las variables de velocidad máxima (Vmáx) y periodo de latencia (ƛ), no obstante, todos los tratamientos mostraron un efecto fungistático sobre el desarrollo micelial de R. stolonifer. La combinación de los EAC y el QC puede ser una alternativa eco-amigable contra la pudrición suave de los frutos de guanábana.


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