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ISSN 2539-0859 (Electronic)
ISSN 0120-8411 (Print)
Asociación Colombiana de Otorrinolaringología y Cirugía de Cabeza y cuello, Maxilofacial y Estética Facial (ACORL)

2022, Number 1

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Acta de Otorrinolaringología CCC 2022; 50 (1)

Characterization of patients with abnormal neonatal hearing screening at the San Rafael Clinical University Hospital during the years 2018-2020

Macías-Tolosa C, Guzmán L, Gómez ÁN, Paredes ADX, Martínez H

Language: Spanish
References: 25
Page: 51-57
PDF size: 333.65 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Neonatal hearing loss (NHL) is a relevant health problem due to its high incidence and the effects it may have both on the mental and psychological development of the patient. Neonatal hearing screening (NHS) is essential for the identification of patients at risk of NHL. Objective: To identify the characteristics of patients with abnormal NHS test results at the Hospital Universitario Clínica San Rafael. Design: Cross-sectional descriptive observational study. Materials and methods: Biological and clinical characteristics were identified in patients with abnormal otoacoustic emissions and/or auditory evoked potentials (AEP) performed between 2018 and 2020. Patients involved were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of risk factors for NHL. Results: 9027 patients were screened, 223 (2,47%) had abnormal results, but 19 patients were excluded. 204 patients were included in total, 46 (22.5%) of which were high risk (HR) and 158 (77.5%) were low risk (LR). NHS in LR patients was performed before the first month of life on 78.5% of cases and 21.4% of HR patients. The most frequent characteristics were mechanical ventilation (45.6%), intensive care unit admission (43.5%), craniofacial abnormality (15.2%) and hyperbilirubinemia greater than 20 mg/dL (10.8%). Conclusion: Efforts and resources should be optimized as means to perform hearing screening tests before the first month of life on 100% of patients. Complementary studies should be performed with the aim to identify the final auditory diagnoses of patients with abnormal results, as well as the type of treatment and auditory rehabilitation offered.


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