López EL, Guzmán AMA, López MD, Sáenz EFL, Cortes LIA, Ríos ER

Language: Spanish
References: 13
Page: 40-46
PDF size: 300.74 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To analyze the risk factors associated with birth defects and to correlate clinical data with ultrasound findings.
Materials and Methods: Retrospective, descriptive and observational study conducted on patients diagnosed with fetuses with congenital anomalies identified by obstetric ultrasound, treated at the Women's Hospital of Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, from January to December 2023. The statistical analysis was performed in Excel. Fre- quencies and percentages were calculated for qualitative variables and measures of central tendency for quantitative variables.
Results: Of 1033 registered consultations, 63 cases of congenital malformations were identified, with an incidence of 6.09%. The most common malformations were: central nervous system defects (33.33%), especially ventriculomegaly and myelomeningocele; musculoskeletal defects (25.39%), with a predominance of polydactyly and meromelia; and abdominal wall defects (11.11%). Gastroschisis was the most common, accounting for 69.83% of cases in this category. The mean age of the mothers was 23.7 years and 68.2% had only a primary education. Access to structural ultrasound was limited (14.28%) and antenatal care was late (mean 29.1 weeks).
Conclusions: The results of this study highlight the importance of implementing policies aimed at improving reproductive health education, promoting equitable access to quality health services, and strengthening antenatal care in vulnerable communities. The results of this study also open the door to future research that includes genetic and environmental factors.

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