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Anales de Otorrinolaringología Mexicana

2025, Number 2

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Otorrinolaringología 2025; 70 (2)

Subjective benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: An overlooked disease

Álvarez VAA, Domínguez LAJ, Celis AE, Terrazas RM, Torrontegui ZLA

Language: Spanish
References: 23
Page: 100-107
PDF size: 142.93 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is characterized by episodes of vertigo lasting only a few seconds, without concomitant hearing loss, and associated with head movements. In some cases, this disease does not present nystagmus during the Dix-Hallpike maneuver due to fatigue, a small number of otoconia, or improper execution of the maneuver; this is referred to as subjective benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.
Objective: To describe subjective benign paroxysmal positional vertigo through a literature review.
Methodology: A narrative literature review was conducted covering the period from 2000 to 2023, using the terms subjective and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. The search engines used were Google Scholar and PubMed. Priority was given to case-control studies comparing patients with objective vs subjective benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Clinical and epidemiological variables, as well as treatment and success rates, were analyzed.
Results: Subjective benign paroxysmal positional vertigo accounts for 11.5% to 48% of total vertigo cases. Both types share similar clinical characteristics and the same treatment approach. Various authors have found that the effectiveness rate of vertigo resolution (whether partial or complete recovery) is similar between objective and subjective benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.
Conclusions: It is emphasized the need to include subjective benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in the diagnostic suspicion and to recommend particle repositioning maneuvers, which have the same effectiveness rate. These maneuvers are also low-cost and easy to perform.


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