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2026, Number 1

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Acta Med 2026; 24 (1)

Red cell exchange transfusion as a rescue therapy in an infant with hyperleukocytosis

Félix RG, Bojórquez BA
Full text How to cite this article 10.35366/122161

DOI

DOI: 10.35366/122161
URL: https://dx.doi.org/10.35366/122161

Language: Spanish
References: 5
Page: 56-58
PDF size: 535.08 Kb.


Key words:

leukemia, hematologic neoplasms, whole blood exchange transfusion, tumoral lysis syndrome, infant.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: hyperleukocytosis is an oncological emergency that compromises life by causing pulmonary, cerebral, and renal leukostasis. In these cases, cytoreduction therapy should be used to reduce morbidity and mortality, such as leukapheresis or exchange transfusion. Case report: female 2-month-old patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and hyperleukocytosis with respiratory and neurological symptoms. Exchange transfusion was used successfully. Conclusion: the exchange transfusion was performed without any complications, although consensus is still required to homogenize the therapeutic indications and technical considerations.


REFERENCES

  1. Kittivisuit S, Jongthitinon N, Sripornsawan P, Songthawee N, Chavananon S, Limratchapong C et al. Hyperleukocytosis in childhood acute leukemia: early complications and survival outcomes. Cancers (Basel). 2023; 15 (12): 3072.

  2. Park KM, Yang EJ, Lee JM, Hah JO, Park SK, Park ES et al. Treatment outcome in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia with hyperleukocytosis in the Yeungnam region of Korea: a multicenter retrospective study. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2020; 42 (4): 275-280.

  3. Lazuwardi R, Andarsini M, Hernaningsih Y. Clinical and laboratory effects of exchange transfusion in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia with hyperleukocytosis. PI. 2023; 63 (6): 464-471.

  4. Runco DV, Josephson CD, Raikar SS, Oldsmith KC, Lew G, Pauly M et al. Hyperleukocytosis in infant acute leukemia: a role for manual exchange transfusion for leukoreduction. Transfusion. 2018; 58 (5): 1149-1156.

  5. Zhang D, Lin H, Huang L. Repeated small-volume exchange transfusion for hyperleukocytosis in pediatric acute leukemia: a retrospective analysis. Front Pediatr. 2023; 11: 1155481.




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Acta Med. 2026;24