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2026, Number 2

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Acta Med 2026; 24 (2)

Analysis of acute complications associated with intrauterine growth restriction in neonates weighing less than 2,500 g

Samperio PC, Orozco GA

Language: Spanish
References: 22
Page: 98-101
PDF size: 196.22 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to analyze the complications of intrauterine growth restriction, both moderate and severe, in newborns weighing less than 2.5 kg. A retrospective study was carried out with a review of clinical records from the Hospital Angeles Pedregal of newborns weighing less than 2.5 kg, over a period of three years. The following data were collected: gestational age, weight, and sex. These data were classified according to the degree of intrauterine restriction. The frequency of IUR in the study population was analyzed, as well as the presence of acute complications, Hypothermia, the need for oxygen administration, multifactorial hyperbilirubinemia, and sepsis. An analysis of the results was carried out using descriptive and analytical statistics, using means, standard deviation, and the p-test. The results were found from 101 patients studied: Hypothermia (21.2%), with severe IUGR, and (11.4%) with moderate IUGR. Hypoglycemia (7%), oxygen administration to 20 patients (8%) had severe IUGR, and 29% moderate IUGR, hyperbilirubinemia in two patients, and one patient had early neonatal sepsis. The acute complications of intrauterine growth restriction are diverse and can have a significant impact on perinatal morbidity and mortality; those found were respiratory, metabolic, and infectious.


REFERENCES

  1. Pels A, Beune IM, van Wassenaer-Leemhuis AG, Limpens J,Ganzevoort W. Early-onset fetal growth restriction: A systematicreview on mortality and morbidity. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2020;99 (2): 153-166. doi: 10.1111/aogs.13702.

  2. Monier I, Ego A, Hocquette A, Benachi A, Goffinet F, Lelong N et al.Validity of a Delphi consensus definition of growth restriction in thenewborn for identifying neonatal morbidity. Am J Obstet Gynecol.2025; 232 (2): 224.e1-224.e13. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2024.04.033.

  3. Engineer N, Kumar S. Perinatal variables and neonatal outcomes inseverely growth restricted preterm fetuses. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand.2010; 89 (9): 1174-1181. doi: 10.3109/00016349.2010.501370.

  4. Rosenberg A. The IUGR newborn. Semin Perinatol. 2008; 32 (3):219-224. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2007.11.003.

  5. Yu VY, Upadhyay A. Neonatal management of the growth-restrictedinfant. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2004; 9 (5): 403-409. doi:10.1016/j.siny.2004.03.004.

  6. Karapati E, Sokou R, Iliodromiti Z, Tsaousi M, Sulaj A, TsantesAG et al. Assessment of hemostatic profile in neonates withintrauterine growth restriction: a systematic review of literature.Semin Thromb Hemost. 2024; 50 (2): 169-181. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1762893.

  7. Longo S, Bollani L, Decembrino L, Di Comite A, Angelini M, StronatiM. Short-term and long-term sequelae in intrauterine growthretardation (IUGR). J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013; 26 (3): 222-225. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2012.715006.

  8. Ellis M, Manandhar N, Shakya U, Manandhar DS, Fawdry A, CostelloAM. Postnatal hypothermia and cold stress among newborn infantsin Nepal monitored by continuous ambulatory recording. ArchDis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 1996; 75 (1): F42-F45. doi: 10.1136/fn.75.1.f42.

  9. Bahia MLR, Velarde GC, Silva FCD, Araujo Júnior E, Sá RAM. Adverseperinatal outcomes in fetuses with severe late-onset fetal growthrestriction. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022; 35 (25): 8666-8672.doi: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1995858.

  10. Horgan R, Nehme L, Jensen HJ, Shah AP, Saal R, Onishi K et al.Neonatal outcomes among fetuses with an abdominal circumference<3rd %ile and estimated fetal weight 3rd to 9th %ile compared tofetuses with an EFW <3rd %ile. Am J Perinatol. 2024; 41 (9): 1120-1125. doi: 10.1055/a-2259-0148.

  11. Abbas G, Shah S, Hanif M, Shah A, Rehman AU, Tahir S et al. Thefrequency of pulmonary hypertension in newborn with intrauterinegrowth restriction. Sci Rep. 2020; 10 (1): 8064. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65065-2.

  12. Pels A, Beune IM, van Wassenaer-Leemhuis AG, Limpens J,Ganzevoort W. Early-onset fetal growth restriction: A systematicreview on mortality and morbidity. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2020;99 (2): 153-166. doi: 10.1111/aogs.13702.

  13. Monier I, Ego A, Hocquette A, Benachi A, Goffinet F, Lelong N et al.Validity of a Delphi consensus definition of growth restriction in thenewborn for identifying neonatal morbidity. Am J Obstet Gynecol.2025; 232 (2): 224.e1-224.e13. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2024.04.033.

  14. Engineer N, Kumar S. Perinatal variables and neonatal outcomes inseverely growth restricted preterm fetuses. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand.2010; 89 (9): 1174-1181. doi: 10.3109/00016349.2010.501370.

  15. Rosenberg A. The IUGR newborn. Semin Perinatol. 2008; 32 (3):219-224. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2007.11.003.

  16. Yu VY, Upadhyay A. Neonatal management of the growth-restrictedinfant. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2004; 9 (5): 403-409. doi:10.1016/j.siny.2004.03.004.

  17. Karapati E, Sokou R, Iliodromiti Z, Tsaousi M, Sulaj A, TsantesAG et al. Assessment of hemostatic profile in neonates withintrauterine growth restriction: a systematic review of literature.Semin Thromb Hemost. 2024; 50 (2): 169-181. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1762893.

  18. Longo S, Bollani L, Decembrino L, Di Comite A, Angelini M, StronatiM. Short-term and long-term sequelae in intrauterine growthretardation (IUGR). J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013; 26 (3): 222-225. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2012.715006.

  19. Ellis M, Manandhar N, Shakya U, Manandhar DS, Fawdry A, CostelloAM. Postnatal hypothermia and cold stress among newborn infantsin Nepal monitored by continuous ambulatory recording. ArchDis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 1996; 75 (1): F42-F45. doi: 10.1136/fn.75.1.f42.

  20. Bahia MLR, Velarde GC, Silva FCD, Araujo Júnior E, Sá RAM. Adverseperinatal outcomes in fetuses with severe late-onset fetal growthrestriction. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022; 35 (25): 8666-8672.doi: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1995858.

  21. Horgan R, Nehme L, Jensen HJ, Shah AP, Saal R, Onishi K et al.Neonatal outcomes among fetuses with an abdominal circumference<3rd %ile and estimated fetal weight 3rd to 9th %ile compared tofetuses with an EFW <3rd %ile. Am J Perinatol. 2024; 41 (9): 1120-1125. doi: 10.1055/a-2259-0148.

  22. Abbas G, Shah S, Hanif M, Shah A, Rehman AU, Tahir S et al. Thefrequency of pulmonary hypertension in newborn with intrauterinegrowth restriction. Sci Rep. 2020; 10 (1): 8064. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65065-2.




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