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2026, Number 2

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Acta Med 2026; 24 (2)

Recommendations for the diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal infections

Pérez FSD, Vásquez MLM, Jasso GAJ, Espinoza MGML, García LML, Bautista CP, Wong CRM

Language: Spanish
References: 26
Page: 125-132
PDF size: 279.48 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Acute gastroenteritis is defined as a decrease in stool consistency and/or increased frequency of evacuations (≥ 3 in 24 hours), with or without fever or vomiting. Diarrhea is a symptom of infection, caused by various viral, bacterial, and parasitic organisms, most of which are transmitted by contaminated water. The etiology varies depending on the type of diarrhea, age group, and geographical area. Throughout history, acute diarrhea has been recognized as one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in childhood. Worldwide, it is considered the second leading cause of death in children under five years of age, with a higher incidence in developing countries, where one in eight children dies each year from this condition. Two interventions in the management of acute gastroenteritis that can significantly reduce child mortality are the newly formulated oral rehydration solution and zinc supplementation. This review aims to contribute to the body of knowledge focused on reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with acute gastroenteritis by presenting the latest updates in the state of the art of diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal infections in both children and adults.


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