medigraphic.com
ISSN 0035-0052 (Print)

2026, Number 1

<< Back Next >>

Rev Mex Pediatr 2026; 93 (1)

Compliance with diagnostic-therapeutic actions for the care of schoolchildren and adolescents with overweight or obesity at the first level of care

Sánchez-García BP, Roy-García IA, Navarro-Susano LG, Villasís-Keever MÁ, Zurita-CruzJN

Language: Spanish
References: 20
Page: 20-26
PDF size: 769.75 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: the overweight and obesity in pediatrics has been increasing in recent decades. Objective: to analyze the adherence to international guidelines for the actions taken in the diagnosis and management of childhood overweight/ obesity by the medical staff of in Primary Care Units (UMF) of the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS). Material and methods: this was an observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective study. The study was conducted at UMF No. 28 in Mexico City. Records of patients aged 6 to 16 years with overweight or obesity, treated during 2018 and 2019, were identified. Data were collected on whether the correct nutritional status diagnosis was made, the actions taken to identify other comorbidities, and the actions taken to manage overweight/obesity. The statistical analysis was descriptive. The protocol was approved by the UMF’s Research and Ethics Committee. Results: 223 patients with overweight (44%) and obesity (56%) were studied. Family physicians made the correct nutritional diagnosis in 68 patients (30.5%). Regarding the screening for comorbidities, blood pressure measurements were taken in 83 (37.2%) patients, but these were not interpreted in any case. Hyperglycemia was investigated in 25.1%, dyslipidemia in 23.3%, and elevated transaminases in 4%. As for management, the recommendation to engage in physical activity was 28.2%, and to reduce the consumption of sugary drinks was 14.3%. Conclusions: in pediatric patients with overweight or obesity seen at the primary care level, actions for the detection of overweight/obesity, its comorbidities, and its management are not routinely performed.


REFERENCES

  1. Faienza MF, Chiarito M, Molina-Molina E, Shanmugam H, LammertF, Krawczyk M et al. Childhood obesity, cardiovascular and liverhealth: a growing epidemic with age. World J Pediatr. 2020; 16(5):438-445. doi: 10.1007/s12519-020-00341-9.

  2. Shamah-Levy T, Gaona-Pineda EB, Cuevas-Nasu L, Valenzuela-Bravo DG, Morales-Ruan C, Rodríguez-Ramírez S et al.Sobrepeso y obesidad en población escolar y adolescente. SaludPublica Mex. 2024; 66(4): 404-413. doi: 10.21149/15842.

  3. Hampl SE, Hassink SG, Skinner AC, Armstrong SC, BarlowSE, Bolling CF et al. Clinical practice guideline for theevaluation and treatment of children and adolescents withobesity. Pediatrics. 2023; 151(2): e2022060640. doi: 10.1542/peds.2022-060640.

  4. Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing astandard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide:international survey. BMJ. 2000; 320(7244): 1240-1243. doi:10.1136/bmj.320.7244.1240.

  5. Villasís-Keever MA, Zurita-Cruz J. El papel de los pediatras en elmanejo de niños y adolescentes con sobrepeso u obesidad. RevMex Pediatr. 2023; 90(Suppl. 1): s4-s9. doi: 10.35366/115874.

  6. Padilla-Rojas MM, Vilchis-Gil J, Zurita-Cruz J, Osorio-Alamillo Y, Huerta-Albarran R, Saltigeral-Simental P et al.Evaluación nutricional: diagnóstico de sobrepeso/obesidad y suscomorbilidades. Rev Mex Pediatr. 2023; 90(Suppl. 1): s10-s17.doi: 10.35366/115875.

  7. Nasim M, Aldamry M, Omair A, AlBuhairan F. Identifying obesity/overweight status in children and adolescents. A cross-sectionalmedical record review of physicians’ weight screening practice inoutpatient clinics, Saudi Arabia. PLoS One. 2019; 14(4): e0215697.doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215697.

  8. Reyes I. An evaluation of the identification and management ofoverweight and obesity in a pediatric clinic. J Pediatr Health Care.2015; 29(5): e9-e14. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2015.05.002.

  9. Fenech A, Dimech T, Grech MC, Attard Montalto S. Audit ondoctors’ documentation of overweight and obesity in childrenattending general children’s outpatient’s clinics in Malta. MaltaMed J. 2021; 32(2): 84-97.

  10. López-Galisteo JP, Gavela-Pérez T, Mejorado-Molano FJ,Pérez-Segura P, Aragón-Gómez I, Garcés C et al. Prevalencia yfactores de riesgo asociados a distintas comorbilidades en niñosy adolescentes obesos. Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr. 2022; 69(8):566-575.

  11. Acosta-Berrelleza N, Guerrero-Lara T, Murrieta-Miramontes E,Álvarez-Bastidas L, Valle-Leal J. Niveles de presión arterial enniños y adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad en el noroestede México. Enferm Univ. 2017; 14(3): 170-175. doi: 10.1016/j.reu.2017.05.006.

  12. Saury-Paredes LA. Prevalencia de cifras tensionales elevadas ysu asociación con el índice de masa corporal en niños de entre 5y 11 años de Nahbalam, Yucatán. Gac Med Mex. 2016; 152(5):640-644.

  13. August GP, Caprio S, Fennoy I, Freemark M, Kaufman FR,Lustig RH et al. Prevention and treatment of pediatric obesity:an endocrine society clinical practice guideline based on expertopinion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008; 93(12): 4576-4599. doi:10.1210/jc.2007-2458.

  14. Costa-Urrutia P, Colistro V, Franco-Trecu V, Granados J, ÁlvarezFariña R, Rodríguez-Arellano ME. Dyslipidemia, obesity, andethnicity in Mexican children. Int J Environ Res Public Health.2021; 18(23): 12659. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182312659.

  15. Basain-Valdés JM, Valdés-Alonso MC, Pérez-Martínez M, Álvarez-Viltres M, Marín J, Silvia M. Alteraciones del metabolismo de loshidratos de carbono en pacientes pediátricos con obesidad. RevPediatr Aten Primaria. 2020; 22(88): 371-378.

  16. Johansen MJ, Gade J, Stender S, Frithioff-Bojsoe C, LundMAV, Chabanova E et al. The effect of overweight and obesityon liver biochemical markers in children and adolescents. J ClinEndocrinol Metab. 2020; 105(2): dgz010. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgz010.

  17. Pedraza-Escudero K, Garibay-Nieto N, Fuentes-CoronaZ, Saltigeral-Simental P, Correa-Flores MA, Padilla-RojasMM et al. Recomendaciones de actividad física y reducciónde conductas sedentarias para el manejo de la obesidadinfantil. Rev Mex Pediatr. 2023; 90(Suppl. 1): s27-s33. doi:10.35366/115877.

  18. Liang L, Meyerhoefer C, Wang J. Obesity counseling bypediatric health professionals: an assessment using nationallyrepresentative data. Pediatrics. 2012; 130(1): 67-77. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-0596.

  19. Valerio G, Maffeis C, Saggese G, Ambruzzi MA, Balsamo A,Bellone S et al. Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of pediatricobesity: consensus position statement of the Italian Society forPediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology and the Italian Societyof Pediatrics. Ital J Pediatr. 2018; 44(1): 88. doi: 10.1186/s13052-018-0525-6.

  20. Perea-Martínez A. González-Valadez AL, Hernández-LópezAM, Campos AL, García V, Saltigeral-Simental P et al.Recomendaciones para el manejo psicológico de niños yadolescentes con obesidad. Rev Mex Pediatr. 2023; 90(Suppl.1): s34-s40. doi: 10.35366/115878.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com