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1998, Number 2

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Vet Mex 1998; 29 (2)

Impact of colostrum management and quality over serum immunoglobulin levels in calves

Quiroz RGF, Bouda J, Medina CM, Núñez OL, Yabuta OAK

Language: English/Spanish
References: 40
Page: 161-166
PDF size: 505.95 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Hypogamaglobulinemia is frequently observed in calves, and it is one of the most important causes of high morbidity and mortality in those animals. Different grades of hypogamaglobulinemias may be present when there is inappropriate colostral immunity transfer. Specific gravity, concentrations of total protein in colostrum serum were determined in samples of the first colostrum postpartum from 305 cows. Concentrations of total protein and immunoglobulins (Ig) were also determined in the serum of their calves. Consumed volume and postpartum time of the first suckling of colostrum were registered in calves. Total proteins in colostral or blood serum were determined by the spectrophotometric method, and Ig concentration in calf serum was determined by the zinc sulfate turbidity test. A direct relationship between colostrum specific gravity and colostral serum proteins was confirmed, as well as between colostral serum proteins and serum Ig in calves. Ig serum levels from two to four day old calves depend on the volume, time, and also significantly on the quality of the first colostrum ingested. Serum Ig levels were 0-5 Zinc Sulfate Turbidity Units (ZSTU) in 10.8% of the calves; this was considered as agammaglobulinemic; 6-10 ZSTU in 21.3%; 11-17 ZSTU in 33.5%, and above 18 ZSTU in only 34.4%; being normoglobulinemic calves the last ones. By measuring specific gravity in the first colostrum postpartum it is possible to estimate its quality under field conditions. When the calves had consumed 2 liters of high quality colostrum (specific gravity › 1.050) within 3 h, and another dose of colostrum within 10 h postpartum, their serum Ig was above 18 TUZS. It is very important to evaluate the quality of the first colostrum in two to four day old calves and their serum Ig levels to ensure good protection against infections and septicemias.


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