medigraphic.com
ISSN 1405-8871 (Print)

2013, Number 1

<< Back Next >>

Aten Fam 2013; 20 (1)

Causes of Failure and Delay of Primary Immunization Schedule in Children Treated at the Federico Gomez Children’s Hospital of Mexico

Cruz-Romero EV, Pacheco-Ríos A

Language: Spanish
References: 15
Page: 6-11
PDF size: 184.81 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective: to identify causes of failure or delay in the vaccination scheme. Material and methods: descriptive cross-sectional study (survey) applied to the responsible persons of patients attended at the Children’s Hospital of Mexico between June and December 2009. Inclusion criteria: either sex children who come to the outpatient pediatrics consultation or were already hospitalized who appropriate the existing vaccination scheme and whose responsible relative submit The National Immunization Record and answer the survey. It was used measures of central tendency, dispersion, and summary. Results: 56 caregivers were interviewed about age, type of consultation, parents’ education level, care service, place of origin, and reasons for delay or failure of vaccines. The age of patients ranged from one to 28 months (11.4 average); 51.7% was subsequent consultation and 48.2% first time consultation; 32% came from Mexico City and the State of Mexico, followed by the states of Hidalgo and Veracruz. 35.3% of the parents had completed High School. 54 patients showed the current National Immunization Record (96.4%), and only two, showed a not updated Record. The provided care was given mostly in surgery and gastroenterology services. Of the 56 studied patients, 85.3% had a complete vaccination scheme according to their age, 55% was correctly applied and 30.3% presented a delay. 14.6% documented lack of vaccine application. Hepatitis B vaccine had the greatest delay in the application while the greatest lack of implementation was presented in the influenza vaccine. The causes of the delay were relative counter-indications (29.9%), delays in the prior vaccination (19%), and lack of biological (15.7%). The faults of the application occurred by relative counter-indications (42%), lack of biological (18%), and false counter-indications (17%). Conclusions: it is essential to monitor the vaccination program performance indicators to detect potential problems in quality, monitoring and application of vaccines, and so to plan appropriate solutions.


REFERENCES

  1. Macías M, Jarquín GA, Gutierrez P, Rodriguez MA, Gonzalez N, Saltigeral P. Factores de riesgo para esquemas de vacunación incompletos en niños de seis a 60 meses en el Instituto Nacional de Pediatría. Rev Enfer Infec Pediatr. 2008;22:41-7.

  2. Nigenda G, Orozco E, Leyva R. Motivos de no vacunación: un análisis crítico de la literatura internacional, 1950-1990. Rev. Saúde Pública. 1997;31:313-21.

  3. Nigenda G, Orozco E. Uso de métodos antropológicos para el estudio de las causas de no vacunación, el caso de Nativitas, Xochimilco. Salud Pública Mex. 1990;32:325-36.

  4. Calvo N, Morice A, Sáenz E, Navas L. Uso de encuestas en escolares para la evaluación de la cobertura y oportunidad de la vacunación en Costa Rica. Pan Am J Public Health. 2004;16(2):118-124.

  5. Espitia MT, Morón-Duarte L. Evaluación Rápida de Coberturas Vacunales en Bogotá 2006. Rev Salud Pública. 2009;11:237-46.

  6. Centro Nacional para la Salud de la Infancia y Adolescencia, Consejo Nacional de Vacunación, Manual de Vacunación de 2008-2009 [Internet]. México: Secretaría de Salud; 2008. Disponible en: http://www.censia.salud.gob.mx/contenidos/vacunas/interm_vacuvac.html

  7. Programa Nacional de Salud 2007-2012 [Internet]; [consultado 2012 agosto 8]. Disponible en: http://www.conadic.salud.gob.mx/pdfs/…/pns_version_completa.pdf 8. Secretaría de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2006. México: ssa/insp; 2006.

  8. Miller MA, Hinman AR. Economic analysis of vaccine policies. In: Plotkin SA, Orenstein WA, editors. Vaccines. 4th edn. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2004. p. 1463-90.

  9. Murray CJL, Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Stein S. The Global Burden of Disease 2000 Project: Aims, Methods, and Data Sources (Global Programme on Evidence for Health Policy Discussion Paper No. 36). Geneva: World Health Organization; 2001.

  10. World Health Organization and United National Children’s Fund. Global Immunization Vision and Stratagy, 2006-2010. Geneva: World Health Organization and United National Children’s Fund; 2005. (WHO/IVB/05.05).

  11. Arias Zeballo, J. Factores que influyen en el estado de inmunización en niños menores de 5 años. Cochabamba: Facultad de Enfermería Elizabeth Seton (FEES), Universidad Católica Boliviana; 2006:45.

  12. Gutiérrez G, Pérez LR, Gonzalez A, Coreño MO, Ramirez G, Grajalez C. Enfermedades inmunoprevenibles. Coberturas e impactos de la vacunación. Rev Med IMSS. 2006;44(Supl 1):S97-S109.

  13. Avila C, Navarrete S, Ramírez L, Baltazar A, López M, Santos JI. Inmunizaciones en niños hospitalizados y de consulta externa: reducción de las oportunidades perdidas de vacunación. Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 1992;49:271-4.

  14. Friede A, Waternaux C, Guyer B. An epidemiological assessment of immunization programme participation in the Phillipines. Int J Epidemiol. 1985;14:135-41.

  15. Profeta ML, Ferrante P, Porro De’somenzi C. A survey on factors affecting acceptance of measles vaccine. Eur J Epidemiol. 1986;2:128-33.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com