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2016, Number 3

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Rev Med MD 2016; 7.8 (3)

Post- Vaccination Autoimmune/inflammatory Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants

Gómez-López CE, Paredes-Casillas P, Landeros-Navarro E, Gutiérrez-Ureña S, Martínez-Bonilla G, González-Díaz V, Arroyo-Prado I, Zaragoza-Valdez DL, De la Cruz-Rodríguez KI, Polanco-Cruz J, Cerpa-Cruz S

Language: Spanish
References: 11
Page: 124-129
PDF size: 528.45 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Vaccinations are an essential part of preventive care. In Mexico, about 100 millions of vaccinations are applied which average 1,508 adverse cases per year. Adverse effects posterior to vaccinations range from local reactions to autoimmune systemic effects from which ASIA (Autoimmune/inflammatory Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants) stands out; this syndrome comprises autoimmune mechanism and autoinflammatory diseases which trigger from the stimulus with adjunvants.
Material and Method: A retrospective descriptive study with the objective of knowing the frequency and clinical characteristics of the autoimmune events post vaccination. 68 consecutive files from the Epidemiology service in the Fray Antonio Alcalde Civil Hospital from 1998 to 2013. For the statistical analysis, descriptive statistics was used with averages and standard deviation. Furthermore, a Spearman's correlation test (Rho) using SPSS® version 21.
Results: 63 patients' files were analyzed. 56% were female. The most frequent signs and symptoms were: fever in 33 (14%) cases, pain and inflammation in 32 (13%) exanthema in 17 (8%). The day of presentation of the event temporarily associated with vaccination mean was 6.19 days, DE ± 4.6 days, with a range of 0 to 50 days. The number of vaccines applied and the day of presentation were analyzed, showing no correlation between them. Rho =0.023 (p=0.14). It was found out that women had acuter events (Rho 0.789, p= 0.03) It was observed that from the 63 patients, 41 (65%) met the criteria for ASIA, 39% were adults and 61% children. The clinical manifestations found were: fever in 87%, neurological manifestations in 74%, myalgias in 54% and joint pain or inflammation in 24%.
Discussion: The patients identified with ASIA met the preliminary criteria proposed by Schoenfeld. The number of reported events in 15 years might seem significant in our unit. However, in a concentration center and in comparison to the number of vaccines applied in Mexico a year might not seem a frequent entity.


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