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Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2005, Number 4

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Med Int Mex 2005; 21 (4)

Prevalence of ischemic heart disease, demonstrated by technetium-99 m-sestamibi in younger than 40 year adults and its relation to risk factors

Cano GMA, Lilia Castillo Martínez, Arturo Orea Tejeda, Escamilla MJ, González TO, Asencio LE, Dorantes GJ, Narváez DR, Jiménez DV, González TR

Language: Spanish
References: 19
Page: 247-254
PDF size: 71.37 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: Coronary artery disease is the first cause of death among Mexican population. Between the multiple risk factors it outstands the age, with greater predisposition since 45 years old. Nevertheless, there are few studies in young people. Myocardial perfusion scan is a non invasive study with great sensitivity and specificity. It allows to detect obstructive coronary lesions.
Objective: To determine the ischemic heart disease and the myocardial infarction prevalence in young people and to identify its risk factors.
Patients and methods: A retrospective and transversal study in 125 patients younger than 40 years was made. The expedients of the patients who had underwent one day technetium-99 m-sestamibi protocol in the myocardial perfusion study were analysed. General data, somatometry, emotional profile analysis, and lipids and glucose profiles were collected.
Results: 53% of the population were women and 47% men, with mean age of 31.9 years old and body mass index of 25.1 kg/m2. 46% of the studies were abnormal, and from them 35% were compatible with ischemic heart disease and 11% with myocardial infarction. The patients characteristics were: age 31.6 ± 6 vs 32.6 ± 5.9 years old; BMI 25.4 ± 7.0 vs 24.4 ± 3.34 kg/m2; height 161.6 ± 9.8 vs 165.5 ± 9.7 cm; systolic arterial pressure 139.1 ± 29.2 vs 115 ± 13.4 mmHg; diastolic arterial pressure 84.5 ± 17.4 vs 75 ± 9.4 mmHg; civil status: married 65.5 vs singles 57% (p = 0.005); greater depression 32 vs anxiety 28% in the group of patients with ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction, respectively. Besides, in the myocardial infarction population we found chronic renal failure in 21% of the cases (p = 0.030), arterial hypertension in 21% (p = 0.025) and drug addiction in 21% (p = 0.002). The rest of the results did not show any significant difference.
Conclusions: Only 6.5% of the patients who were exposed to the myocardial perfusion study in a six years period were younger than 40 years old. 71% of them were referred for having precordial pain and almost half of them had ischemic heart disease or myocardial infarction. In this study the male gender, chronic renal failure, systemic arterial hypertension, hypertrygliceridemia, use of illicit drugs, and the civil status increased the risk of coronary artery disease in young people.


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