2018, Number 1
Histopathological findings in patients with suspicion of thyroid nodule and fine needle aspiration biopsy
Benítez-Barradas MI
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Language: Spanish
References: 10
Page: 53-60
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ABSTRACT
Introduction: Thyroid nodule is defined as an intrathyroid lesion radiologically distinct from the surrounding parenchyma. Thyroid nodules are a common pathology in the general population. The prevalence of thyroid nodules is higher in women than in men. In most cases, it is a benign alteration, but an underlying neoplastic process should be ruled out in some patients, depending on clinical and echographic characteristics; in such patients, the initial treatment of choice is resection of the tumor. Echography plays a central role in the initial evaluation of thyroid nodule. Although some echographic signs are highly specific, none of them alone allow us to determine malignancy of thyroid nodule. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is the best method for initial evaluation of thyroid nodule. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic certainty of FNAB exceed 90%. Fine needle aspiration puncture has few complications, is easy to learn, is well accepted by patients and is cost-effective.Objective: Determine histopathological diagnoses when taking FNAB in case of suspicion of thyroid nodule seen by echography.
Method: Retrospective and descriptive study. We reviewed 34 patients at Hospital General de Mexico with diagnosis of suspicious thyroid nodule in the period from March 2016 to March 2017 who were referred to the interventionist radiology service for FNAB and histopathological diagnosis.
Results: In the period mentioned, a total of 34 FNAB were taken in the interventionist radiology service, of which 31 (91.7%) were women and 3 (8.8%) men. The histopathological findings were as follows: 26 (76.4%) with diagnosis of colloid nodular goiter, 1 (2.9%) adenomatoid nodule, 1 (2.9%) lymphocytic thyroiditis, 1 (2.9%) neoplasm of Hürthle cells in a man, 2 (5.8%) papillary carcinoma, and 3 (8.8) non-diagnostic material (contents of cyst).
Conclusions: Echography is the technique of choice to diagnose, characterize, and monitor thyroid nodules. FNAB is an essential tool because it is simple, safe, effective, and cost-effective and it avoids false negatives, reduces the number of unnecessary surgical interventions, and increases specificity.
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