medigraphic.com
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2021, Number 1

<< Back Next >>

salud publica mex 2021; 63 (1)

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes isolated from a swine farm in a region of Morelos state, Mexico

Tamayo-Legorreta E, García-Radilla A, Moreno-Vázquez E, Téllez-Figueroa F, Alpuche-Aranda CM

Language: English
References: 34
Page: 34-41
PDF size: 415.17 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective. Determine the frequency of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes colonizing swine. Materials and methods. E. coli strains isolated of fecal samples from 280 swine, produced for local consumption, in a semi-technical farm of Morelos state (central Mexico), were tested to identify the diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes by multiplex PCR. Pulsedfield gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were determined for the study of genetic diversity between pathigenic E. coli strains. Results. Of the 521-diarrheagenic E. coli isolates examined, 50 (9.6%) were positive for at least one virulence gene in 42 different animals. Thus, 15% (42/280) of the swine in this farm were colonized with pathogenic E. coli. Among the E. coli isolates, the pathotype EPEC (6.5%) was the most frequently, followed by EHEC (2.3%), ETEC and EIEC (0.4%). The study of genetic diversity, carried out by PFGE of 40 representative isolates, revealed 25 distinct restriction profiles clustered in 21 groups (A-U). Conclusions. In this study, four different E. coli pathotypes were found among swine colonized by E. coli in this farm. Thus, these swine are reservoirs for these virulent bacteria and there is potential risk of causing diarrhea in swine and in the population consuming the meat.


REFERENCES

  1. Da Silva GJ, Mendonça N. Association between antimicrobial resistance and virulence in Escherichia coli. Virulence. 2012;3(1):18-28. https://doi. org/10.4161/viru.3.1.18382

  2. Farfán-García AE, Ariza-Rojas SC, Vargas-Cárdenas FA, Vargas-Remolina LV. Mecanismos de virulencia de Escherichia coli enteropatógena. Rev Chil Infectol. 2016;33(4):438-50. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0716- 10182016000400009

  3. Kaper JB, Nataro JP, Mobley HL. Pathogenic Escherichia coli. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2004;2(2):123-40. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro818

  4. Nataro JP, Kaper JB. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1998;11(1):142-201. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.11.1.142

  5. Bosák J, Hrala M, Pirková V, Micenková L, Cízek A, Smola J, et al. Porcine pathogenic Escherichia coli strains differ from human fecal strains in occurrence of bacteriocin types. Vet Microbiol. 2019;232:121-27. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.04.003

  6. Trabulsi LR, Keller R, Tardelli TA. Typical and atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. Emerg Infect Dis. 2002;8(5):508-13. https://doi. org/10.3201/eid0805.010385

  7. Singh P, Sha Q, Lacher DW, Del Valle J, Mosci RE, Moore JA, et al. Characterization of enteropathogenic and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in cattle and deer in a shared agroecosystem. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2015;5(29):1-13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2015.00029

  8. Riley LW, Remis RS, Helgerson SD, McGee HB, Wells JG, Davis BR, et al. Hemorrhagic colitis associated with a rare Escherichia coli serotype. N Engl J Med. 1983;308(12):681-5. https://doi.org/10.1056/ NEJM198303243081203

  9. Cabal A, García-Castillo M, Cantón R, Gortázar C, Domínguez L, Álvarez J. Prevalence of Escherichia coli virulence genes in patients with diarrhea and a subpopulation of healthy volunteers in Madrid, Spain. Front Microbiol. 2016;7:641. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00641

  10. Sunabe T, Honma Y. Relationship between O-serogroup and presence of pathogenic factor genes in Escherichia coli. Microbiol Immunol. 1998;42(12):845-49. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1348-0421.1998.tb02360.x

  11. Wang L, Zhang S, Zheng D, Fujihara S, Wakabayashi A, Okahata K, et al. Prevalence of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in foods and fecal specimens obtained from cattle, pigs, chickens, asymptomatic carriers, and patients in Osaka and Hyogo, Japan. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2017;70(4):464-69. https://doi. org/10.7883/yoken.JJID.2016.486

  12. Fairbrother JM, Nadeau E, Gyles CL. Escherichia coli in postweaning diarrhea in pigs: an update on bacterial types, pathogenesis, and prevention strategies. Anim Health Res Rev. 2005;6(1):17-39. https://doi.org/10.1079/ ahr2005105

  13. Al-Gallas N, Bahri O, Bouratbeen A, Ben-Haasen A, Ben Aissa R. Etiology of acute diarrhea in children and adults in Tunis, Tunisia, with emphasis on diarrheagenic Escherichia coli: prevalence, phenotyping, and molecular epidemiology. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007;77(3):571-82. https:// doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2007.77.571

  14. Souza T, Lozer D, Kitagawa S, Spano L, Silva N, Scaletsky I. Real-time multiplex PCR assay and melting curve analysis for identifying diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. J Clin Microbiol. 2013;51(3):1031-3. https://doi. org/10.1128/JCM.02478-12

  15. Kaufmann ME. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Methods Mol Med. 1998;15:33-50. https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-498-4:33

  16. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Standard operating procedure for PulseNet PFGE of Escherichia coli O157: H7, Escherichia coli non-O157 (STEC), Salmonella serotypes, Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013.

  17. Tenover FC, Arbeit RD, Goering RV, Mickelsen PA, Murray BE, Persing DH, Swaminathan B. Interpreting chromosomal DNA restriction patterns produced by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis: criteria for bacterial strain typing. J Clin Microbiol. 1995;33(9):2233-9.

  18. Luppi A. Swine enteric colibacillosis: diagnosis, therapy and antimicrobial resistance. Porc Health Manag. 2017;3:16. https://doi.org/10.1186/ s40813-017-0063-4

  19. Matías J, Berzosa M, Pastor Y, Irache JM, Gamazo C. Maternal Vaccination. Immunization of Sows during Pregnancy against ETEC Infections. Vaccines (Basel). 2017;5(4):48. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines5040048

  20. Melkebeek V, Goddeeris BM, Cox E. ETEC vaccination in pigs. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2013;152(1-2):37-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. vetimm.2012.09.024

  21. Toledo A, Gómez D, Cruz C, Carreón R, López J, Giono S, et al. Prevalence of virulence genes in Escherichia coli strains isolated from piglets in the suckling and weaning period in Mexico. J Med Microbiol. 2012;61(1):148-56. https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.031302-0

  22. Liu W, Yuan C, Meng X, Du Y, Gao R, Tang J, Shi D. Frequency of virulence factors in Escherichia coli isolated from suckling pigs with diarrhoea in China. Vet J. 2014; 199(2): 286-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. tvjl.2013.11.019

  23. Yang GY, Guo L, Su JH, Zhu YH, Jiao LG, Wang JF. Frequency of Diarrheagenic Virulence Genes and Characteristics in Escherichia coli Isolates from Pigs with Diarrhea in China. Microorganisms. 2019;7(9):308. https:// doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7090308

  24. Vu Khac H, Holoda E, Pilipcinec E, Blanco M, Blanco J E, Mora A, et al. Serotypes, virulence genes, and PFGE profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from pigs with postweaning diarrhoea in Slovakia. BMC Vet Res. 2006;2:10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-2-10

  25. Caprioli A, Nigrelli A, Gatti R, Zavanella M, Blando AM, Minelli F, et al. Characterization of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli isolated from pigs and cattle in northern Italy. Vet Rec. 1993;133(13):323-24. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.133.13.323

  26. DesRosiers A, Fairbrother JM, Johnson RP, Desautels C, Letellier A, Quessy S. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Escherichia coli verotoxin-producing isolates from humans and pigs. J Food Prot. 2001;64(12):1904-11. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-64.12.1904

  27. Li S, Wang L, Zhou Y, Miao Z. Prevalence and characterization of virulence genes in Escherichia coli isolated from piglets suffering post-weaning diarrhoea in Shandong Province, China. Vet Med Sci. 2019;6(1):1-7. https:// doi.org/10.1002/vms3.207

  28. Barman N, Deb R, Ramamurthy T, Sharma RK, Borah P, Wani SA, Kalita D. Molecular characterization of shiga like toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) isolates from pigs oedema. Indian J Med Res. 2008;127(6):602-06.

  29. Tahamtan Y, Hayati M, Namavari MM. Prevalence and distribution of the stx1, stx2 genes in Shiga toxin producing E. coli (STEC) isolates from cattle. Iran J Microbiol. 2010;2(1):8-13.

  30. Watson VE, Jacob ME, Flowers JR, Strong SJ, DebRoy C, Gookin JL. Association of Atypical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli with Diarrhea and Related Mortality in Kittens. J Clin Microbiol. 2017;55(9):2719-35. https:// doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00403-17

  31. Malik A, Nagy B, Kugler R, Szmolka A. Pathogenic potential and virulence genotypes of intestinal and faecal isolates of porcine post-weaning enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. Res Vet Sci. 2017;115:102-8. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.02.002

  32. Zhou Y, Zhu X, Hou H, Lu Y, Yu J, Mao L, et al. Characteristics of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli among children under 5 years of age with acute diarrhea: a hospital-based study. BMC Infect Dis. 2018;18(1):63. https://doi. org/10.1186/s12879-017-2936-1

  33. Vu Khac H, Holoda E, Pilipcinec E, Blanco M, Blanco JE, Mora A, et al. Serotypes, virulence genes, and PFGE profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from pigs with postweaning diarrhoea in Slovakia. BMC Vet Res. 2006;2:10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-2-10

  34. Tseng M, Fratamico PM, Bagi L, Delannoy S, Fach P, Manning SD, Funk JA. Diverse virulence gene content of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli from finishing swine. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014;80:6395-402. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01761-14




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com