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Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2022, Número 3

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salud publica mex 2022; 64 (3)


IgG sérica anti-SARS-CoV-2 pre y post pandemia de Covid- 19 en mexicanos asintomáticos

Aguirre-Cruz L, Guzmán-García M, Acosta-Castillo I, de la Cruz-Aguilera DL, Landero-Isidro I, Pérez-González JP, Chávez-Duarte J, Leyva-Rendón A

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 40
Paginas: 249-258
Archivo PDF: 293.38 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo. Detectar IgG sérica anti-SARS-CoV-2 antes y después de la pandemia de Covid-19 en sujetos mexicanos asintomáticos, con la intención de conocer el grado de dispersión viral. Material y métodos. Se analizó la asociación de anticuerpos IgG séricos (determinados por ELISA), datos sociodemográficos y clínicos y contacto con casos de Covid-19 en tres grupos de sujetos: 1) donadores de sangre reclutados antes de la pandemia de Covid-19 (n= 538); 2) donadores (n= 243) y 3) pacientes neurológicos (n= 312) reclutados durante la pandemia de Covid-19. Ninguno de los sujetos estudiados había sido vacunado. Resultados. La tasa de positividad de IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 fue notablemente mayor en los participantes reclutados durante la pandemia (donadores, 29.6%; pacientes neurológicos, 15.7%) que en los reclutados prepandemia (donadores 0.6%). Otras condiciones asociadas con positividad de anticuerpos fueron trabajar en ventas o servicios, o haber tenido contacto previo con pacientes Covid-19, en donadores y pacientes neurológicos, y haber tenido diabetes mellitus, en pacientes neurológicos. Se encontraron mayores niveles de positividad de IgG anti-SARSCoV- 2 en mujeres que en hombres. La mayor proporción de sujetos con anticuerpos anti-SARS-CoV-2 procedía del centro de México. Conclusiones. La dispersión del SARSCoV- 2 en sujetos asintomáticos, no vacunados (donadores y pacientes neurológicos), reclutados en una institución de salud mexicana, que trabajan en ventas o servicios, o tienen contacto previo con pacientes Covid-19 es de 16 a 30%. El nivel de positividad de IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 es más alto en mujeres que en hombres. Los estudios de seguimiento de la seroprevalencia del SARS-CoV-2 deben favorecerse en la población general, siendo obligatorios en los donadores.


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