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2025, Número 2

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Lat Am J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2025; 5 (2)


Conocimientos actuales sobre la e.rh-BMP2 en cirugía oral y maxilofacial y en implantología. Una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura

García GH, Vivas RA, Viamonte MD, Gómez J

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 82
Paginas: 39-47
Archivo PDF: 303.34 Kb.


RESUMEN

Esta revisión examina el conocimiento actual y las aplicaciones clínicas de la proteína morfogenética ósea humana recombinante (e.rh-BMP2) en cirugía bucomaxilofacial e implantología. Se sintetizan hallazgos recientes sobre sus propiedades osteoinductoras, que potencian la regeneración ósea en procedimientos como la ampliación del reborde alveolar, la elevación del seno maxilar, la regeneración periodontal y la reconstrucción mandibular/maxilar. Se evalúan diversos métodos de producción –desde sistemas en células de mamífero e insecto hasta Escherichia coli– destacando en especial el BMP-2 derivado de E. coli, reconocido por su rentabilidad y escalabilidad, pese a requerir replegamiento adicional para asegurar su bioactividad. Asimismo, la revisión contrasta las terapias basadas en BMP con otras modalidades regenerativas, como concentrados plaquetarios, ozonoterapia, lactoferrina e injertos óseos autólogos, analizando sus respectivos resultados clínicos. Se presta especial atención a las formulaciones Cowell-BMP, que han mostrado resultados prometedores al reducir la morbilidad quirúrgica y acelerar la cicatrización ósea en distintos escenarios. La evidencia respalda la versatilidad de e.rh-BMP2 como herramienta fundamental en la medicina regenerativa. Se recomienda que futuras investigaciones optimicen los sistemas de administración y estandaricen los protocolos de tratamiento para ampliar sus aplicaciones terapéuticas en reconstrucciones orales complejas.


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