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2025, Número 2

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Rev Educ Bioquimica 2025; 44 (2)


Modificaciones en las histonas: su importancia en la identificación y reparación del daño al DNA

González-Gutiérrez AM, Ortiz-Muñiz AR, García-Rodríguez MC, Cortés-Barberena E

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 76
Paginas: 70-81
Archivo PDF: 612.95 Kb.


RESUMEN

El propósito de esta revisión es presentar información relevante respecto a las principales modificaciones de histonas que intervienen en la detección y reparación del material genético dañado (conocida como respuesta ante el daño al DNA, (DDR)). La integridad genómica es vital para el bienestar celular. Las células han desarrollado sistemas de revisión y mantenimiento para garantizar la protección adecuada de la información genética. El genoma nuclear se organiza en un complejo de histonas y ácido desoxirribonucleico (DNA) llamado nucleosoma; la adaptabilidad de esta estructura permite el acceso de las proteínas necesarias para efectuar procesos biológicos como la transcripción, duplicación, y reparación del DNA. Las proteínas histonas pueden presentar modificaciones químicas que por sí solas o en combinación con otras, proporcionan resultados biológicos específicos; a esto se le conoce como 'código de histonas'. En años recientes, se ha incrementado el estudio de las modificaciones postraduccionales (PTMs) en las proteínas histonas y su conexión con la red de vías DDR.


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