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2026, Number 2

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Cir Gen 2026; 48 (2)

Blood glucose management in postoperative patients: current evidence and recommendations

Torres-Torres DA, Camacho-Vázquez MO, Vargas-Fraga JM, Avila-Caballero A, González-Soto XN

Language: Spanish
References: 32
Page: 86-95
PDF size: 664.51 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: postoperative hyperglycemia is a common metabolic disturbance associated with increased risk of complications in surgical patients, including those without previously diagnosed diabetes. The physiological response to surgical stress promotes hormonal changes that elevate glucose levels and may impair immune function, wound healing, and overall recovery. Objective: to review current evidence on postoperative glycemic control and summarize relevant recommendations from recent literature. Material and methods: a literature review was conducted using multiple electronic resources. Clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and guidelines published between 2015 and 2026 in English or Spanish were included. After screening the identified studies, 30 articles were selected for analysis. Results: postoperative hyperglycemia has been consistently associated with higher rates of surgical site infections, cardiovascular complications, sepsis, and prolonged hospitalization. Current recommendations suggest glycemic targets of 140-180 mg/dl for critically ill patients and 100-180 mg/dl for non-critical patients. Insulin remains the preferred therapy in hospitalized patients, particularly using basal–bolus regimens. Frequent glucose monitoring and structured institutional protocols are essential to reduce adverse events, especially hypoglycemia. Conclusions: appropriate postoperative glycemic management is essential to reduce complications and improve surgical outcomes. Standardized protocols and multidisciplinary care play an important role in optimizing glucose control in surgical patients.


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