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2026, Number 3

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Med Crit 2026; 40 (3)

Capillary leak index as a risk factor for mortality independent of severity

Méndez CRY, Santana HGP, Valles GA, Galindo MCA

Language: Spanish
References: 17
Page: 184-187
PDF size: 580.09 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Capillary leak syndrome (CFS) is defined as an acute and reversible increase in vascular permeability, characterized by hypotension, edema, and hypovolemia, which can progress to multiple organ failure. This explains the clinical triad: shock due to vascular collapse, hemoconcentration, and hypoalbuminemia, frequently accompanied by elevated C-reactive protein (CRP). A useful tool for estimating the magnitude of capillary leak is the capillary leak index (CFI). Values between 2.5 and 25 are considered normal, while values > 61 are associated with high mortality. In parallel, the SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) score remains a standard scale in intensive care units to assess organ dysfunction in six systems: respiratory, cardiovascular, hepatic, coagulation, renal, and neurological. CFS is a severe, rapidly evolving syndrome with high mortality, whose early recognition is essential. The CFI is established as an independent prognostic factor that reflects the severity of endothelial dysfunction and vascular permeability. Its combined application with the SOFA score offers a comprehensive assessment of critically ill patients, facilitating risk stratification, therapeutic decision-making, and the design of interventions aimed at improving clinical outcomes.


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