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Archivos de Medicina de Urgencia de México

2026, Number 1

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Arch Med Urg Mex 2026; 18 (1)

Frequency of electrocardiographic abnormalities in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage admitted to the emergency department of Regional General Hospital Nº 2

Palma-Vázquez K, Morales-Díaz GH

Language: Spanish
References: 36
Page: 26-31
PDF size: 325.93 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a critical neurological emergency with high mortality. The brain-heart interaction with neurocardiogenic dysfunction during the acute event produces electrocardiographic (ECG) alterations that can mimic coronary syndromes or progression to ventricular arrhythmias. Evidence in the Mexican population is limited.
Objective: to determine the frequency of alterations in the QTc, ST-segment and T-wave in patients with SAH admitted to the emergency department of the regional general hospital No. 2 (HGR No.2) of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS).
Methods: observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study carried out in patients over 18 years of age with SAH confirmed by Computed Tomography (CT), without previous heart disease, treated in the period between October 2024 and August 2025. 12-lead electrocardiograms were analyzed in the first 48 hours after admission to the emergency room. Descriptive statistics and inferential analysis were performed using chi-square (95% CI).
Results: 289 patients were included; 64.4% men. 39.8% showed ECG abnormalities. T-wave inversion was the most prevalent finding (31.8%) and QTc prolongation (6.9%). There was no significant association between sex and ECG abnormalities (p=0.378). A significant correlation was found between tomographic severity and the presence of abnormalities (p=0.000).
Conclusions: ECG abnormalities are common and proportional to the magnitude of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Close monitoring is vital for the comprehensive management and detection of myocardial complications in the emergency department.


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