2026, Number 4
<< Back Next >>
Med Crit 2026; 40 (4)
Methylene blue as an adjunctive therapy in refractory vasoplegic shock: a case report
Gutiérrez MM, Macías LJDJ, Ríos RDI
Language: Spanish
References: 11
Page: 333-335
PDF size: 1115.94 Kb.
ABSTRACT
A male patient in his fifth decade of life was admitted to the emergency department with abdominal pain localized in the right iliac fossa, accompanied by fever, nausea, three episodes of vomiting, and ten episodes of diarrhea. He was evaluated by the general surgery team, and due to the presence of an acute abdomen, the decision was made to perform an exploratory laparotomy plus appendectomy. He was transferred from the operating room with signs of refractory shock, requiring vasopressor support but without achieving a perfusion-target mean arterial pressure (MAP). Given the persistence of vasoplegia, methylene blue was initiated at a dose of 2 mg/kg. Hemodynamic improvement was observed after 8 hours, allowing for gradual vasopressor withdrawal and complete discontinuation at 72 hours. The patient developed green-blue urine and bluish skin discoloration as adverse effects, in addition to anuria requiring renal replacement therapy. Clinical improvement was achieved, with complete withdrawal of supportive measures by the 8th day.
REFERENCES
Elbayomi M, Dewald O, Pathare P, et al. The mystery ofmethylene blue and its role in managing post-cardiac surgeryvasoplegic shock. Ann Med. 2025;57(1):2460770. doi:10.1080/07853890.2025.2460770.
Antonucci E, Polo T, Giovini M, et al. Refractory septic shockand alternative wordings: a systematic review of literature. J CritCare. 2023;75:154258. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2023.154258.
Pluta MP, Putowski Z, Czempik PF, et al. Successful useof methylene blue in catecholamine-resistant septic shock:a case report and short literature review. Int J Mol Sci.2023;24(13):10772. doi: 10.3390/ijms241310772.
Huang X, Yan W, Chen Z, Qian Y. Effect of methylene blue onoutcomes in patients with distributive shock: a meta-analysis ofrandomised controlled trials. BMJ Open. 2024;14(1):e080065.doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080065.
Ibarra-Estrada M, Kattan E, Aguilera-González P, et al. Earlyadjunctive methylene blue in patients with septic shock: arandomized controlled trial. Crit Care. 2023;27(1):110. doi:10.1186/s13054-023-04397-7.
Luis-Silva F, Menegueti MG, Sato L, et al. Effect of methyleneblue on hemodynamic response in the early phase of septicshock: a case series. Medicine (Baltimore). 2023;102(4):e32743.doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000032743.
Ballarin RS, Lazzarin T, Zornoff L, et al. Methylene blue insepsis and septic shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Front Med (Lausanne). 2024;11:1366062. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1366062.
Xue S, Li L, Liu Z, et al. Predicting responsiveness to fixeddosemethylene blue in adult patients with septic shock usinginterpretable machine learning: a retrospective study. Sci Rep.2025;15(1):7254.
Priyanka P, Chang CH, Chawla LS, et al. Vasopressor-resistanthypotension, combination vasopressor therapy, and shockphenotypes in critically ill adults with vasodilatory shock. Shock.2022;58(4):260-268. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0000000000001980.
Jentzer JC, Vallabhajosyula S, Khanna AK, et al. Management ofrefractory vasodilatory shock. Chest. 2018;154(2):416-426. doi:10.1016/j.chest.2017.12.021.
Uhelski ML, Johns ME, Horrmann A, Mohamed S, SohailA, Khasabova IA, Simone DA, Banik RK. Adverse effects ofmethylene blue in peripheral neurons: an in vitro electrophysiologyand cell culture study. Mol Pain. 2022;18:17448069221142523.doi: 10.1177/17448069221142523.