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Revista Salud Pública y Nutrición

Coordinación General de Investigación de la Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición y la Dirección General de Sistemas e Informática de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
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2001, Number 3

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Rev Salud Publica Nutr 2001; 2 (3)

Evaluación de riesgo a la salud en la comunidad de Loma Blanca (distrito de riego 009) Valle de Juarez (México), por exposición a aguas residuales no tratadas

Garza AV, Fernández SI, Badii M, Flores SA, Hauad ML, Villarreal RL
Full text How to cite this article

Language: Spanish
References: 13
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Key words:

Loma Blanca, Juarez Valley, risk value, residual waters.

ABSTRACT

Loma Blanca, rural town inside the district of watering 009 in the Valley of Juárez, it is located in the riverbanks of the watering channel that it not drives the residual waters treated taken place by Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua. This place is in a half agricultural one that has been object of a lingering irrigation with black waters for 50 years, and that it is polluted with intestinal parasites and patogens. Las gastrointestinal infections they are of fundamental importance in the health of the inhabitants of the place, and its prevalence is probably associated to the means water and contaminated floor. To know the profile of basic reparation of Loma Blanca and to evaluate the risk to the health for exhibition to the aquatic means and the contaminated floor, a survey was applied. For their evaluation they were used the methodology Health Assessment, of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Diseases Registry, modified for evaluations that involve patogens; the Mexican official norm NOM-048-SSA1-1993; and a womb of analysis of the Department of Defense, of the United States. The result of the evaluation points out that the category of risk is high. The conclusion is based on the analysis of data on the environment, characteristic of housing, habits of consumption of water and vegetables, perception of the risk on the part of the community, and morbidity levels.


REFERENCES

  1. Tejeda C. 1991. "El riego con aguas residuales en México: efectos en la salud y propuesta de soluciones técnicas", Ing. Amb., 4 (10): 6-15.

  2. Cortéz, J. E. y H. Romero Alvarez. 1993. "Aprovechamiento de aguas residuales en agricultura: situación actual en México", Cuernavaca, Morelos, Comisión Nacional del Agua, (MS).

  3. Kandiah A. 1993. The Use of Wastewater in the Context of Overall Water Resources Policy and Planning, Cuernavaca, Morelos, WHO/FAO/UNEP/UNCHS Workshop on Health, Agricultural and Environment Aspects of Wastewater Reuse.

  4. Bouwer, H. And R.C. Rice 1987. "Quality Requirements for Irrigation With Sewage Water", J. Irrig. & Drainage Eng., 113 (516-535).

  5. Gerba, Charles P., J.B. Rose & C.N. Haas 1996. Sensitive Populations: Who is at the Greatest Rrisk?, International Journal of Food Microbiology, june, 30 (issues 1-2): 113-123.

  6. Cortéz, J. E. et al., Op.cit

  7. ATSDR. 1991 Agency for Toxic Substances and Diseases Registry, Health Assessment Methodology, Atlanta, GA., ATSDR.

  8. NOM-048-SSA1-1993. 1995. Que establece el método normalizado para la evaluación de riesgos a la salud como consecuencia de agentes ambientales, México, Diario Oficial de la Federación.

  9. Mará D. y S. Cairncross 1990. Directrices para el uso sin riesgos de aguas residuales y excretas en agricultura y acuicultura, España, OPS/PNUMA.

  10. DOD 1997. Department of Defense, Relative Risk Site Evaluation Primer, Washington, D.C., DOD.

  11. Díaz, M. R. 1999. "Estudio de resitividad en la zona de terrazas del Valle de Juárez", tesis de maestría en hidrología subterránea, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez.

  12. Idem.

  13. DOD, Op.cit.




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Rev Salud Publica Nutr. 2001;2